200+ Conduct Exam Technologies Interview Questions and Answers

Find the index of the first occurrence of string A in string B.

• Iterate through string B and check if a substring of length equal to A matches A.

• Return the index of the first occurrence of A in B, or -1 if not found.

The task is to find the first non-repeating character in a string, or return the first character if all characters repeat.

• Iterate through the string to count the frequency of each character.

• Find the first character with a frequency of 1 and return it.

• If no such character exists, return the first character of the string.

Public and private IP addresses are used in computer networks. Public IPs are globally unique and accessible from the internet, while private IPs are used within a local network.

• Public IP is assigned by the Internet Service Provider (ISP) and is used to identify a device on the internet.

• Private IP is assigned by a local network administrator and is used to identify a device within a local network.

• Public IPs are globally unique, allowing devices to communicate with each other ...read more

Program to reverse a string without using string function

• Iterate through the string from end to start and append each character to a new string

• Use a loop to swap the first and last characters, then move towards the middle until the entire string is reversed

• Convert the string to a character array, then swap the first and last elements until the entire array is reversed

C is a procedural programming language while C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

• C is a procedural programming language, meaning it focuses on procedures or functions.

• C++ is an extension of C and adds object-oriented features like classes and inheritance.

• C++ supports polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction, which C lacks.

• C++ allows the use of standard template library (STL) for data structures and algorithms.

• C++ has exception handling mechanisms, whereas C doe...read more

Keys in a database are unique identifiers used to establish relationships between tables and ensure data integrity.

• Keys are used to uniquely identify records in a database table.

• Primary keys are used to uniquely identify each record in a table.

• Foreign keys establish relationships between tables.

• Keys help enforce data integrity and maintain consistency in the database.

• Examples of keys include primary keys, foreign keys, and unique keys.

Deadlocks are situations where two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.

• Deadlocks occur when multiple processes are stuck in a circular waiting state.

• Prevention techniques include resource allocation strategies, deadlock detection, and avoidance algorithms.

• Examples of prevention techniques are using a resource allocation graph, implementing a banker's algorithm, and employing timeouts and resource preemption.

A message is transferred in OSI layer through a process called encapsulation and decapsulation.

• The message is divided into smaller chunks called packets at the transport layer.

• Each packet is then encapsulated with headers containing necessary information.

• The encapsulated packets are then passed down to the network layer.

• At the network layer, the packets are further encapsulated with network layer headers.

• The encapsulated packets are then passed down to the data link layer.

• At ...read more

Prediction uses data analysis and statistical models to forecast future outcomes.

• Prediction involves collecting and analyzing data to identify patterns and trends.

• Statistical models are then used to make predictions based on the identified patterns.

• Predictions can be made for a wide range of applications, such as weather forecasting, stock market trends, and customer behavior.

• Accuracy of predictions can be improved by using machine learning algorithms and incorporating new da...read more

Classification algorithms can be represented using flow charts.

• Classification algorithms are used to categorize data into different classes.

• Flow charts can be used to represent the decision-making process of classification algorithms.

• Examples of classification algorithms include decision trees, k-nearest neighbors, and support vector machines.

The max distance that can be traveled is 15km.

• Each wheel can travel 5km, so with 3 wheels, the total distance is 15km.

• The scooter itself does not limit the distance that can be traveled, only the wheels do.

Yes, My Passion Challenge test is a coding competition for software engineers.

• My Passion Challenge test is a coding competition that evaluates the coding skills of software engineers.

• It is designed to test problem-solving abilities, algorithmic thinking, and coding proficiency.

• Participants are given a set of coding challenges to solve within a specified time limit.

• The challenges can range from simple to complex, covering various programming languages and concepts.

• The test ass...read more

Normalisation reduces data redundancy and improves data integrity in a database.

• Prevents data duplication and inconsistencies

• Simplifies database maintenance and updates

• Improves query performance

• Enforces data integrity and consistency

• Follows best practices for database design

• Examples: breaking down a customer table into separate tables for orders, addresses, and payments

• Examples: creating a separate table for product categories instead of repeating the category name in each pr...read more

Sorting a file within a range

• Use a sorting algorithm like quicksort or mergesort

• Read the file and store the data in an array or list

• Sort the array or list within the given range

• Write the sorted data back to the file

Machine learning is a subset of artificial intelligence that enables machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.

• It involves training algorithms on large datasets to make predictions or decisions.

• It can be supervised, unsupervised, or semi-supervised.

• Examples include image recognition, natural language processing, and recommendation systems.

Default values of variables are the initial values assigned to variables if no value is explicitly provided.

• Default value for integer variables is 0

• Default value for floating point variables is 0.0

• Default value for boolean variables is false

• Default value for string variables is null

• Default value for arrays is null

Java is platform independent while C++ is not.

• Java code is compiled into bytecode which can run on any platform with a JVM, while C++ code needs to be compiled separately for each platform.

• Java has automatic memory management through garbage collection, while C++ requires manual memory management.

• Java has built-in support for multithreading, while C++ requires external libraries.

• Java has a simpler syntax and is easier to learn than C++.

• C++ allows for low-level memory manipula...read more

Find the second largest element from an integer array in a single traversal

• Initialize two variables to store the largest and second largest elements

• Traverse the array and update the variables accordingly

• Return the second largest element

The language used in rocket launching software is typically Ada.

• Ada is a high-level programming language designed for embedded systems and real-time applications.

• Ada is known for its strong typing and safety features, making it suitable for critical systems like rocket launching software.

Banker's algorithm is a resource allocation and deadlock avoidance algorithm used in operating systems.

• It is used to prevent deadlocks by ensuring that the system never enters an unsafe state.

• It works by simulating the allocation of resources and checking if the system will remain in a safe state.

• It requires knowledge of the maximum resource needs of each process and the currently available resources.

• If a request for resources would result in an unsafe state, the request is d...read more

Demonstrate outer join using SQL query

• Use LEFT OUTER JOIN or RIGHT OUTER JOIN to include all records from one table and matching records from another table

• Use the ON keyword to specify the join condition

• Use COALESCE function to handle NULL values in the result set

C++ is a high-level programming language with features like object-oriented programming, templates, and memory management.

• C++ supports object-oriented programming concepts like encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Templates allow generic programming and code reusability.

• C++ provides low-level memory manipulation through pointers.

• Standard Template Library (STL) provides a collection of classes and functions for data structures and algorithms.

• C++ supports operator overl...read more

Issues in cloud include security, downtime, vendor lock-in, and data privacy.

• Security concerns such as data breaches and unauthorized access

• Downtime and service interruptions affecting business operations

• Vendor lock-in and limited flexibility in choosing cloud providers

• Data privacy and compliance with regulations such as GDPR and HIPAA

The data structure implemented in an elevator is a queue.

• Elevator requests are added to the queue in the order they are received.

• The elevator serves requests in a first-come, first-served manner.

• Once a request is completed, it is removed from the queue.

• Example: If someone on the 5th floor requests the elevator, their request is added to the queue and the elevator will serve it after completing any previous requests.

Implementing binary search on a linked list

• Find the middle element of the linked list

• Compare the middle element with the search key

• If the middle element is greater than the search key, search in the left half of the linked list

• If the middle element is less than the search key, search in the right half of the linked list

• Repeat until the search key is found or the entire linked list is traversed

Encapsulation is bundling data and methods together, while abstraction is hiding the implementation details.

• Encapsulation combines data and methods into a single unit (class).

• Abstraction hides the complex implementation details and only shows the necessary features.

• Encapsulation provides data security by restricting access to certain data members.

• Abstraction allows for easier maintenance and modification of code.

• Example: Encapsulation - a class with private data members and p...read more

I have worked on building recommendation systems for e-commerce websites and streaming platforms.

• Implemented collaborative filtering algorithms to recommend products based on user behavior

• Utilized content-based filtering to suggest movies or TV shows based on user preferences

• Developed hybrid recommendation systems combining collaborative and content-based filtering techniques

The flow diagram of my final year project showcases the step-by-step process of its execution.

• The flow diagram illustrates the sequence of activities and their dependencies.

• It helps in understanding the overall structure and logic of the project.

• Each step in the diagram represents a specific task or action.

• Arrows indicate the flow of control or data between different steps.

• Decision points are represented by diamond-shaped symbols.

• Example: Start -> Input Data -> Process Data -...read more

Hands-on experience with SQL queries for creating and manipulating tables and table elements.

• Use CREATE TABLE statement to create a new table

• Use ALTER TABLE statement to add, modify, or delete columns in a table

• Use INSERT INTO statement to add new rows of data into a table

• Use UPDATE statement to modify existing data in a table

• Use DELETE statement to remove rows from a table

Precompilation unit is a compiled code that can be reused by multiple source files.

• Precompilation unit is created by the compiler from the source code.

• It contains the compiled code of header files and other dependencies.

• It can be reused by multiple source files, reducing compilation time.

• It is also known as precompiled header or PCH.

• Example: stdafx.h in Visual Studio is a precompiled header file.

Node.js is a server-side JavaScript runtime environment.

• Node.js is built on top of the V8 JavaScript engine from Google Chrome.

• It allows developers to write server-side code in JavaScript.

• Node.js has a non-blocking I/O model, making it efficient for handling large amounts of data.

• Node.js has a vast library of modules available through npm (Node Package Manager).

Closure is a function that has access to variables in its outer scope, even after the outer function has returned.

• Closure is created when a function is defined inside another function.

• The inner function can access variables in the outer function, even after the outer function has returned.

• Closure can be used to create private variables and functions in JavaScript.

• Example: function outer() { var x = 10; function inner() { console.log(x); } return inner; } var closure = outer()...read more

Implementing a conditional hierarchical model for a Java class.

• Create a Java class with multiple levels of hierarchy

• Implement conditional statements to control the behavior of the class based on certain conditions

• Use if-else or switch statements to define different actions for different conditions

• Consider using interfaces or abstract classes for better abstraction and modularity

Binary Search Tree

• A binary tree where each node has at most two children

• Left child is less than parent, right child is greater

• Allows for efficient searching, insertion, and deletion

let, var, and const are all used to declare variables in JavaScript, but they have different scoping rules and behaviors.

• let and const were introduced in ES6, while var has been around since the beginning of JavaScript.

• let and const are block-scoped, while var is function-scoped.

• Variables declared with const cannot be reassigned, while let and var can be.

• const variables must be initialized when they are declared, while let and var can be declared without initialization.

• Exampl...read more

Interface is a contract that defines the methods a class must implement. Abstract class can have concrete methods and fields.

• Interface cannot have method implementations, only method signatures.

• A class can implement multiple interfaces but can only extend one abstract class.

• Abstract class can have constructors, fields, and non-abstract methods.

• Interfaces are used to achieve multiple inheritance in Java.

• Example: Interface - Comparable, Abstract class - Animal with abstract met...read more

The first 50 prime numbers are...

• Start with 2, the first prime number

• Check each odd number greater than 2

• Use trial division to check if a number is prime

• Stop when you have found 50 prime numbers

Two programming code examples in any language

• Example 1: Python - print('Hello, World!')

• Example 2: Java - System.out.println('Hello, World!')

Code for half pyramid using numbers

• Use nested loops to print the numbers in each row

• The number of columns in each row should be equal to the row number

• Start the loop from 1 and go up to the desired number of rows

The program prints a star pattern using asterisks and spaces.

• Use nested loops to iterate through rows and columns.

• Determine the number of asterisks and spaces to print in each row.

• Use conditional statements to decide when to print an asterisk or a space.

Scopes in JavaScript determine the accessibility of variables and functions.

• Global scope: variables and functions declared outside any function are accessible globally

• Local scope: variables and functions declared inside a function are only accessible within that function

• Block scope: variables declared with let and const are only accessible within the block they are declared in

• Function scope: variables declared with var are accessible within the function they are declared in

A virtual function is a function in a base class that is overridden in a derived class, allowing polymorphic behavior.

• Virtual functions are declared in a base class with the 'virtual' keyword.

• They are meant to be overridden in derived classes to provide specific implementations.

• Virtual functions enable polymorphism, allowing objects of different derived classes to be treated as objects of the base class.

• Example: virtual void display() = 0; in a base class and void display() o...read more

Virtualization in C++ is the process of creating a virtual version of a class or function to allow for polymorphism and dynamic binding.

• Virtualization in C++ is achieved through the use of virtual functions and inheritance.

• Virtual functions are declared in a base class and overridden in derived classes to provide different implementations.

• Virtualization allows for polymorphism, where a pointer to a base class can point to objects of derived classes.

• Dynamic binding is used to ...read more

HTTP is unsecured while HTTPS is secured with SSL/TLS encryption.

• HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol while HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure.

• HTTP operates on port 80 while HTTPS operates on port 443.

• HTTP is vulnerable to attacks while HTTPS is secure due to SSL/TLS encryption.

• HTTPS is indicated by a padlock icon in the browser's address bar.

• HTTPS is used for secure online transactions such as online banking, e-commerce, etc.

The task is to count the occurrences of each character in a given string.

• Iterate through the string and use a hashmap to store the count of each character

• Convert the string to an array of characters for easier manipulation

• Handle edge cases like empty string or null input

• Consider using built-in functions like HashMap in Java or Counter in Python

Use a hashmap to store word frequencies in a sentence.

• Split the sentence into words using a space delimiter.

• Create a hashmap to store word frequencies.

• Iterate through the words and update the frequencies in the hashmap.

• Return the hashmap with word frequencies.

Python compiles source code to bytecode for faster execution, stored in .pyc files.

• Python interpreter compiles source code to bytecode before execution

• Bytecode is platform-independent and faster to execute than source code

• Compiled bytecode is stored in .pyc files for future use and faster startup time

• If source code is modified, .pyc files are automatically recompiled

Fill the 3 gallon jug, pour it into the 5 gallon jug, fill the 3 gallon jug again, pour it into the 5 gallon jug until it is full, leaving 1 gallon in the 3 gallon jug.

• Fill the 3 gallon jug

• Pour the 3 gallon jug into the 5 gallon jug

• Fill the 3 gallon jug again

• Pour the 3 gallon jug into the 5 gallon jug until it is full

• The 4 gallon jug will have 1 gallon of water

An array in Python is a data structure that can hold multiple values of the same data type.

• Arrays in Python are created using square brackets []

• Elements in an array can be accessed using their index starting from 0

• Example: names = ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie']

The default connection pooling in Spring Boot is HikariCP, which can be customized through properties in the application.properties file.

• HikariCP is the default connection pooling library in Spring Boot, known for its high performance and low overhead.

• To customize the connection pooling, you can modify properties like 'spring.datasource.hikari.*' in the application.properties file.

• For example, you can set maximum pool size, connection timeout, idle timeout, and other paramete...read more

Regex matcher problem involves matching patterns in strings using regular expressions.

• Understand the requirements of the regex pattern to be matched

• Use tools like regex101.com to test and validate the regex pattern

• Consider special characters and escape sequences in the regex pattern

DML, DDL, and TCL are types of SQL commands used to manipulate databases.

• DML (Data Manipulation Language) is used to manipulate data in a database, such as inserting, updating, and deleting records.

• DDL (Data Definition Language) is used to define the structure of a database, such as creating tables, indexes, and constraints.

• TCL (Transaction Control Language) is used to manage transactions in a database, such as committing or rolling back changes.

• Examples of DML commands inclu...read more

Many-to-many relationship in Hibernate without common columns

• Create a third table with foreign keys to both tables

• Use @ManyToMany annotation in both entity classes

• Specify the join table name and column names in @JoinTable annotation

Best practices for optimizing a Spring Boot application

• Use Spring Boot Actuator to monitor and manage application performance

• Implement caching mechanisms like Spring Cache to reduce database calls

• Optimize database queries and indexes for better performance

• Use asynchronous processing with Spring's @Async annotation for non-blocking operations

• Profile and analyze application performance using tools like VisualVM or JProfiler

Diagonally iterate through and print elements of a 2D array of strings.

• Use nested loops to iterate through rows and columns of the 2D array.

• Calculate the diagonal elements by incrementing row and column indices together.

• Print the elements as you iterate through the diagonal of the array.

A heap dump is a snapshot of the memory usage of a Java application at a specific point in time.

• Heap dumps can be generated using tools like jmap or VisualVM.

• They provide detailed information about objects in memory, their sizes, and references.

• Analyzing a heap dump can help identify memory leaks by pinpointing objects that are consuming excessive memory.

• Common signs of memory leaks in a heap dump include a large number of objects of the same type or objects that should have ...read more

Tuple is immutable and ordered while list is mutable and ordered.

• Tuple is defined using () while list is defined using []

• Tuple cannot be modified while list can be modified

• Tuple is faster than list for accessing elements

• Tuple is used for fixed data while list is used for dynamic data

• Example: tuple = (1, 2, 3) and list = [1, 2, 3]

Passport.js is an authentication middleware for Node.js.

• Passport.js provides a simple way to authenticate users with various authentication strategies such as local, OAuth, OpenID, etc.

• It is highly customizable and can be integrated with any Node.js web application framework.

• Passport.js maintains user sessions and provides a consistent API for authentication across different strategies.

• Example: Using Passport.js with Express.js to authenticate users with Google OAuth2.

• Example...read more

HashMap is a data structure that stores key-value pairs and uses hashing to quickly retrieve values based on keys.

• HashMap internally uses an array of linked lists to store key-value pairs.

• When a key-value pair is added, the key is hashed to determine the index in the array where it will be stored.

• If multiple keys hash to the same index, a linked list is used to handle collisions.

• To retrieve a value, the key is hashed again to find the corresponding index and then the linked l...read more

Repartition increases or decreases the number of partitions in a DataFrame, while Coalesce only decreases the number of partitions.

• Repartition can increase or decrease the number of partitions in a DataFrame, leading to a shuffle of data across the cluster.

• Coalesce only decreases the number of partitions in a DataFrame without performing a full shuffle, making it more efficient than repartition.

• Repartition is typically used when there is a need to increase the number of parti...read more

Find indexes of two values in an array whose sum is 8 or a dynamic value

• Iterate through the array and store the indexes of each element in a dictionary with the difference between the target sum and the element as the key

• Check if the current element exists in the dictionary, if so, return the indexes of the two elements

• Handle cases where the target sum is dynamic by replacing 8 with a variable

Media query for 3 divs in row for desktop and column for mobile view

• Use min-width and max-width to target desktop and mobile views respectively

• Set display property to flex and flex-wrap to wrap for desktop view

• Set display property to block for mobile view

Event loop is a mechanism that allows JavaScript to perform non-blocking I/O operations.

• Event loop is a loop that constantly checks the message queue and executes the next message if there is any.

• Phases are the different stages of the event loop, such as timers, I/O callbacks, idle, and poll.

• Event loop is crucial for Node.js to handle multiple requests simultaneously without blocking the main thread.

• Example: setTimeout() function is added to the timer phase and executed after...read more

Pillars of OOP are Inheritance, Encapsulation, Abstraction, and Polymorphism.

• Inheritance allows a class to inherit properties and behavior from another class.

• Encapsulation restricts access to certain components of an object, protecting its integrity.

• Abstraction hides complex implementation details and only shows the necessary features.

• Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class or their own class.

Joins in SQL are used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.

• Joins are used to retrieve data from multiple tables based on a related column

• Common types of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN

• INNER JOIN returns rows when there is at least one match in both tables

• LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• RIGHT JOIN returns all rows from the right table and the matched...read more

Find second largest integer in an array without sorting or using collections.

• Iterate through array and keep track of largest and second largest integers.

• Compare each element with current largest and second largest integers.

• Return second largest integer.

Explaining request mapping annotation syntax and usage in Java development

• RequestMapping annotation is used to map HTTP requests to specific methods in a controller class

• It can be used to specify the URL path, HTTP method, request parameters, headers, and more

• Example: @RequestMapping(value = '/users', method = RequestMethod.GET)

• This maps a GET request to the '/users' URL path

A star program prints a pattern of stars in a specific shape.

• Use nested loops to control the number of rows and columns

• Use if-else statements to determine when to print a star or a space

• Example: Print a pyramid of stars with 5 rows

Cores and worker nodes are decided based on the workload requirements and scalability needs of the data processing system.

• Consider the size and complexity of the data being processed

• Evaluate the processing speed and memory requirements of the tasks

• Take into account the parallelism and concurrency needed for efficient data processing

• Monitor the system performance and adjust cores and worker nodes as needed

Use Spark and SQL to find the top 5 countries with the highest population.

• Use Spark to load the data and perform data processing.

• Use SQL queries to group by country and sum the population.

• Order the results in descending order and limit to top 5.

• Example: SELECT country, SUM(population) AS total_population FROM table_name GROUP BY country ORDER BY total_population DESC LIMIT 5

PUT method updates data if available, else returns success with no changes.

• PUT method updates the resource if it exists, else creates a new resource

• If no data is provided, the server returns a success response with no changes made

• Example: PUT /users/1 with empty body will return success with no changes if user with id 1 exists

To make a call from one namespace to another in AKS environment, use the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the service.

• Use the FQDN of the service to make a call from one namespace to another in AKS environment

• The FQDN should include the namespace and service name, for example: myservice.mynamespace.svc.cluster.local

• Ensure that the service is exposed within the cluster and has a stable IP address

• Use the appropriate network policies to allow traffic between namespaces if n...read more

OOPs stands for Object-Oriented Programming. Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• OOPs is a programming paradigm that focuses on objects and their interactions.

• Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as if they are of the same class.

• There are two types of polymorphism: compile-time and runtime.

• Compile-time polymorphism is achieved through method overloading.

• Runtime polymorphism is achieved through method overriding.

• Example of p...read more

Multithreading synchronization and exception handling in Java.

• Synchronization can be achieved using synchronized keyword, locks, and semaphores.

• Exceptions can be handled using try-catch blocks, finally block, and throwing exceptions.

• Deadlock can be avoided by acquiring locks in a consistent order.

• Thread safety can be ensured by using immutable objects and thread-safe collections.

• Examples of thread-safe collections are ConcurrentHashMap and CopyOnWriteArrayList.

Print only values from a nested JS object

• Use Object.values() to get an array of values

• Recursively iterate through nested objects

• Filter out non-object values before iterating

Extent report can be implemented by adding the extent report dependency, creating an instance of ExtentReports class, and using ExtentTest class to create test logs.

• Add the extent report dependency in the project's pom.xml file

• Create an instance of ExtentReports class in the @BeforeSuite method

• Create an instance of ExtentTest class in the @BeforeMethod method

• Use ExtentTest class to log test steps and results

• Generate the report using the flush() method in the @AfterSuite metho...read more

Use @PostConstruct annotation or implement CommandLineRunner interface

• Use @PostConstruct annotation on a method that needs to be executed on startup

• Implement CommandLineRunner interface and override run() method

• Add the code that needs to be executed on startup in the method annotated with @PostConstruct or in the run() method

• Example: @PostConstruct public void init() { //code to be executed on startup }

• Example: public class MyApp implements CommandLineRunner { public void run...read more

I would present the client with a detailed explanation of the design, highlighting its benefits and addressing any concerns they may have.

• Listen to the client's concerns and understand their perspective

• Explain the design concept clearly and address how it meets the client's needs

• Provide visual aids such as sketches or 3D models to help the client visualize the design

• Offer alternative solutions or compromises that may address the client's concerns while still maintaining the i...read more

Node.js is single-threaded to optimize performance and simplify programming.

• Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model.

• This allows for efficient handling of multiple requests without creating new threads.

• Node.js also uses a single event loop to manage all I/O operations.

• This simplifies programming by eliminating the need for complex thread synchronization.

• However, Node.js can still take advantage of multi-core systems by creating child processes.

SQL query to select 2nd highest from a column of a table

• Use ORDER BY to sort the column in descending order

• Use LIMIT to select the second row

• Use subquery to avoid duplicates

Using list comprehension and lambda function to manipulate a list of prime numbers

• Use list comprehension to generate a list of numbers

• Use a lambda function to check if a number is prime

• Filter the list of numbers using the lambda function to get prime numbers

Node is a runtime environment for executing JavaScript code, while Express is a web application framework built on top of Node.

• Node provides the platform for running JavaScript code outside of a web browser

• Express is a lightweight framework that simplifies building web applications on top of Node

• Express provides features like routing, middleware, and templating that make it easier to build web applications

• Node and Express are often used together to build scalable and efficien...read more

Multithreading is the concurrent execution of multiple threads to achieve parallelism and improve performance.

• Multithreading allows multiple threads to run concurrently within a single process.

• Threads share the same memory space and resources of the process they belong to.

• Processes are independent instances of a program, each with its own memory space and resources.

• Processes do not share memory directly and communicate through inter-process communication (IPC).

• Threads are lig...read more

I have used multiple python modules for various purposes.

• I have used NumPy for numerical computations.

• I have used Pandas for data analysis and manipulation.

• I have used Matplotlib for data visualization.

• I have used Flask for web development.

• I have used Requests for making HTTP requests.

• I have used BeautifulSoup for web scraping.

• I have used Scikit-learn for machine learning tasks.

• I have used TensorFlow for deep learning tasks.

Enforcing schema ensures that data conforms to a predefined structure and rules.

• Ensures data integrity by validating incoming data against predefined schema

• Helps in maintaining consistency and accuracy of data

• Prevents data corruption and errors in data processing

• Can lead to rejection of data that does not adhere to the schema

Distributed tracing in microservices helps track requests across services for better performance and debugging.

• Use a tracing library like OpenTelemetry or Zipkin to instrument your services.

• Implement context propagation to pass trace IDs through service calls, e.g., using HTTP headers.

• Aggregate and visualize trace data using tools like Jaeger or Grafana for insights.

• Monitor latency and bottlenecks by analyzing trace data to optimize service performance.

• Ensure consistent trace...read more

Engage with the customer to understand their problem and suggest a suitable engagement model.

• Listen actively to the customer's problem and ask relevant questions to gain a deeper understanding.

• Identify the customer's goals and priorities to suggest an engagement model that aligns with their needs.

• Consider factors such as budget, timeline, and resources when proposing an engagement model.

• Provide clear and concise explanations of the proposed engagement model and its benefits t...read more

HTTP error codes 400 and 500 represent client and server errors respectively.

• HTTP error code 400 indicates a client-side error, such as a bad request or invalid input.

• HTTP error code 500 indicates a server-side error, such as an internal server error or database connection issue.

• Other common client-side errors include 401 (unauthorized), 403 (forbidden), and 404 (not found).

• Other common server-side errors include 503 (service unavailable) and 504 (gateway timeout).

Inheritance is a concept in object-oriented programming where a class inherits properties and behaviors from another class.

• Inheritance allows for code reuse and promotes modularity.

• There are different types of inheritance: single, multiple, multilevel, and hierarchical.

• Example: A 'Car' class can inherit properties and behaviors from a 'Vehicle' class.

DAGs handle fault tolerance by rerunning failed tasks and maintaining task dependencies.

• DAGs rerun failed tasks automatically to ensure completion.

• DAGs maintain task dependencies to ensure proper sequencing.

• DAGs can be configured to retry failed tasks a certain number of times before marking them as failed.

Next.js is preferred over React.js for server-side rendering, automatic code splitting, and simplified routing.

• Next.js provides built-in support for server-side rendering, improving performance and SEO.

• Automatic code splitting in Next.js allows for faster page loads by only loading necessary code.

• Next.js simplifies routing with file-based routing, making it easier to organize and navigate between pages.

• Next.js also offers features like static site generation and API routes fo...read more

A Rest api to get employee details by employee id

• Create a GET endpoint with a path like '/employees/{employeeId}'

• Retrieve employee details from a database using the employee id

• Return the employee details in JSON format

Python testing is a process of verifying the functionality of code. Unittest is a built-in testing framework in Python.

• Python testing is done to ensure that the code is working as expected.

• Unittest is a testing framework that comes with Python's standard library.

• It provides a set of tools for constructing and running tests.

• Tests are written as methods within a class that inherits from unittest.TestCase.

• Assertions are used to check if the expected output matches the actual out...read more

Agile process involves iterative development, collaboration, and flexibility in responding to change.

• Agile process breaks down projects into smaller, manageable tasks called sprints.

• Teams work in short iterations, typically 2-4 weeks, to deliver working software.

• Regular meetings like daily stand-ups, sprint planning, and retrospectives help keep the team on track.

• Customer feedback is incorporated throughout the development process to ensure the final product meets their needs...read more

Concurrent Hash Map is a thread-safe implementation of Hash Map.

• Uses multiple segments to allow concurrent access

• Each segment is a separate hash table with its own lock

• Segments are dynamically added or removed based on usage

• Uses CAS (Compare and Swap) operation for updates

• Provides higher concurrency than synchronized Hash Map

Spring Boot is designed to be a standalone application, so it can run without a separate server.

• Spring Boot includes an embedded server (like Tomcat or Jetty) so it can run independently.

• The embedded server is included in the application's JAR file, making it self-contained.

• This allows Spring Boot applications to be easily deployed and run without the need for a separate server installation.

Account and contact have a parent-child relationship in Salesforce.

• An account represents a company or organization, while a contact represents an individual associated with that account.

• An account can have multiple contacts, but a contact can only be associated with one account.

• Contacts are linked to accounts through a lookup relationship.

• Account and contact records can be related using the AccountId field on the contact object.