100+ Technical Specialist Interview Questions and Answers

Solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun.

• Solar wind is composed of electrons, protons, and alpha particles.

• It can have speeds ranging from 250 to 800 km/s.

• Solar wind can cause auroras and geomagnetic storms on Earth.

• It can also affect satellite and spacecraft operations.

• Solar wind is influenced by the Sun's magnetic field and can vary in intensity.

• It is a key factor in space weather and space exploration.

I am most familiar with Java. I follow a systematic troubleshooting process, use debugging tools, and constantly seek to expand my expertise.

• Identify the error message or symptoms of the crashing program

• Review the code for any obvious mistakes or bugs

• Use debugging tools like breakpoints and print statements to pinpoint the issue

• Continuously test and monitor the program while making changes

• Seek to expand expertise in Java and learn more about advanced debugging techniques

SNMP is the protocol used for monitoring network devices.

• SNMP stands for Simple Network Management Protocol

• It is used to manage and monitor network devices such as routers, switches, servers, etc.

• SNMP allows network administrators to collect information about network performance, usage, and errors.

• Examples of SNMP monitoring tools include Nagios, Zabbix, and PRTG Network Monitor.

I have 5 years of experience as a Linux System Administrator.

• 5 years of experience in managing Linux servers and systems

• Proficient in troubleshooting, maintenance, and security of Linux systems

• Experience with shell scripting, automation, and monitoring tools

• Certifications like RHCSA or LPIC demonstrate expertise

• Worked with distributions like CentOS, Ubuntu, and Red Hat

The reason for a database coming online late after restarting SQL server could be due to various factors such as large database size, heavy transactional activity, or insufficient server resources.

• Large database size can result in longer recovery time during startup.

• Heavy transactional activity can delay the recovery process.

• Insufficient server resources like CPU, memory, or disk I/O can slow down the startup process.

• Other factors like network issues or conflicts with other s...read more

To reduce/extend size of a lvm partition, use lvresize command.

• Use lvresize command with appropriate options to reduce/extend the size of a lvm partition.

• To reduce the size, use the option --resizefs to resize the file system as well.

• To extend the size, use the option --resizefs only if the file system supports online resizing.

• Example: lvresize --resizefs --size -2G /dev/vg01/lv01 to reduce by 2GB.

• Example: lvresize --resizefs --size +2G /dev/vg01/lv01 to extend by 2GB.

To troubleshoot a Mac that is not powering on, start by checking the power source and connections.

• Check if the power source is working properly

• Check if the power cable is properly connected to the Mac

• Try resetting the SMC (System Management Controller)

• Try resetting the PRAM (Parameter RAM)

• Check if there are any hardware issues such as a faulty battery or power supply

• Try booting the Mac in Safe Mode

Continuous integration is the practice of frequently merging code changes into a shared repository, while continuous delivery is the process of automatically deploying those changes to production.

• Continuous integration involves developers frequently merging their code changes into a shared repository, which is then automatically built and tested.

• Continuous delivery takes this a step further by automatically deploying the changes to production once they pass all tests.

• Both pra...read more

Yes, I have experience in preparing Root Cause Analyses (RCA).

• I have conducted RCA for software bugs to identify underlying issues.

• I have used tools like Fishbone Diagrams and 5 Whys to determine root causes.

• I have presented findings and recommendations based on RCA to stakeholders.

STP is a protocol used to prevent network loops. HSRP is a protocol used for redundancy. RSTP is an updated version of STP.

• STP stands for Spanning Tree Protocol

• HSRP stands for Hot Standby Router Protocol

• RSTP stands for Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol

• STP prevents network loops by blocking redundant paths

• HSRP provides redundancy by allowing multiple routers to share a virtual IP address

• RSTP is an updated version of STP that provides faster convergence times

• VTP stands for VLAN Trun...read more

US and Japanese patent systems differ in terms of requirements, processes, and enforcement.

• US patent system is based on first-to-invent, while Japanese system is based on first-to-file.

• US patents have a longer duration of 20 years from the filing date, while Japanese patents have a duration of 20 years from the filing date or 10 years from the registration date, whichever is shorter.

• US patent applications require a detailed description of the invention, while Japanese applica...read more

Siemens 300 PLC is added in Simatic Net card for communication and networking purposes.

• Simatic Net card provides a communication interface for Siemens PLCs

• Siemens 300 PLC is compatible with Simatic Net card for networking

• Simatic Net card allows remote access and monitoring of Siemens 300 PLC

• Siemens 300 PLC can be integrated with other devices using Simatic Net card

VxRail, Vsan, NSX commands to verify IPsec tunnel

• For VxRail, use 'show ipsec sa' command to verify IPsec tunnel status

• For Vsan, use 'esxcli network ip connection list' command to check IPsec tunnel connections

• For NSX, use 'get vpn ipsec sa' command to view IPsec tunnel information

NSX-V/T can be upgraded using in-place upgrade, side-by-side upgrade, or hybrid upgrade methods.

• In-place upgrade involves upgrading the existing NSX-V/T deployment without replacing the hardware or virtual machines.

• Side-by-side upgrade involves deploying a new NSX-V/T instance alongside the existing one and migrating workloads.

• Hybrid upgrade combines elements of in-place and side-by-side upgrades, allowing for a phased migration.

• In-place upgrade is simpler but may have downti...read more

Apex latest version introduces new features like Lightning Web Components, Apex Recipes, and improved debugging capabilities.

• Lightning Web Components allow developers to build reusable components using modern web standards like JavaScript and HTML.

• Apex Recipes provide pre-built code snippets for common use cases, making development faster and easier.

• Improved debugging capabilities include enhanced error messages and better tools for troubleshooting code issues.

Traffic flow between different networks can be explained using a diagram.

• Traffic flows between networks through routers or gateways.

• Each network has its own unique IP address range.

• Routing protocols are used to determine the best path for traffic to take.

• Firewalls can be used to control and filter traffic between networks.

• Examples of different networks include LAN, WAN, and the internet.

Add 1 to each number in an ascending series

• Check if the numbers are in ascending order

• If yes, start with 1 and add it to the first number

• Continue adding subsequent numbers with increasing values of 1

Breaking down a monolithic system into microservices involves identifying bounded contexts, defining service boundaries, and implementing communication between services.

• Identify bounded contexts within the monolithic system

• Define service boundaries based on identified contexts

• Implement communication between microservices using APIs or messaging systems

• Decompose the monolithic system into smaller, independent services

• Use containerization technologies like Docker for deployment

Method overloading is having multiple methods in the same class with the same name but different parameters, while method overriding is redefining a method in a subclass with the same name and parameters as in the superclass.

• Method overloading is resolved at compile time based on the method signature, while method overriding is resolved at runtime based on the object type.

• In method overloading, the return type may or may not be different, but the parameters must be different....read more

Finding a subset of k elements from an array and generating permutations of a string.

• Use a combination algorithm to find all possible subsets of k elements from the array.

• Use a permutation algorithm to generate all possible permutations of the selected string.

• Combine the two algorithms to generate all possible permutations of k elements from the array.

• Ensure that the array contains only strings before generating permutations.

Change management flow involves planning, implementing, and monitoring changes to ensure successful adoption.

• Identify the need for change and create a change request

• Evaluate the impact of the change on stakeholders and systems

• Develop a change management plan including communication and training

• Implement the change and monitor its progress

• Review and assess the change to ensure objectives are met

• Update documentation and templates as needed

• Example: Changing a software template t...read more

There are two types of memory in Java: heap memory and stack memory.

• Heap memory is used for storing objects and is shared among all threads.

• Stack memory is used for storing local variables and method calls and is private to each thread.

• Java also has a non-heap memory called PermGen (Permanent Generation) which stores metadata about classes and methods.

• PermGen was replaced by Metaspace in Java 8.

Best practices for migrating a system from on-premises to the cloud

• Assess current on-premises system for compatibility with cloud environment

• Plan for data migration and ensure data security during transfer

• Implement proper monitoring and management tools for the cloud environment

• Train staff on new cloud technologies and best practices

• Regularly review and optimize cloud resources to ensure cost-effectiveness

I am highly proficient in various technical tools, with extensive experience in their application across multiple projects.

• Proficient in data analysis tools like Python and R, used for statistical modeling and data visualization.

• Experienced with project management software such as Jira and Trello, effectively managing team workflows.

• Skilled in using cloud platforms like AWS and Azure for deploying scalable applications.

• Familiar with version control systems like Git, ensuring ...read more

Performance issues in Oracle Apex can be handled by optimizing SQL queries, reducing network latency, and caching data.

• Optimize SQL queries by using indexes, reducing unnecessary joins, and avoiding full table scans.

• Reduce network latency by minimizing the number of round trips between the client and server.

• Cache data to reduce the need for repeated database queries and improve response times.

Customer satisfaction is key to success in any business. It can be achieved by providing excellent customer service.

• Listen to customer complaints and feedback

• Respond promptly and empathetically to customer queries

• Offer personalized solutions to customer problems

• Provide after-sales support and follow-up

• Train employees to handle customer interactions professionally

Azure offers various pass services for different purposes.

• Azure App Service - for web and mobile app development

• Azure Functions - for serverless computing

• Azure Logic Apps - for workflow automation

• Azure Event Grid - for event-driven architectures

• Azure API Management - for API management and publishing

• Azure Stream Analytics - for real-time data streaming and analytics

C++ design patterns are reusable solutions to common software design problems, enhancing code maintainability and scalability.

• Creational Patterns: Manage object creation. Example: Singleton ensures a class has only one instance.

• Structural Patterns: Deal with object composition. Example: Adapter allows incompatible interfaces to work together.

• Behavioral Patterns: Focus on communication between objects. Example: Observer defines a one-to-many dependency between objects.

Program to reverse a string with dynamic memory allocation

• Allocate memory for a new string to store the reversed string

• Iterate through the original string in reverse order and copy characters to the new string

• Don't forget to add a null terminator at the end of the reversed string

Write a program to find the largest number in an array of integers.

• Create an array of integers

• Initialize a variable to store the largest number

• Loop through the array and compare each number to the current largest number

• If the current number is larger, update the largest number variable

• Return the largest number

Immutability can be achieved by classes through using final keyword, returning new instances in methods, and using defensive copying.

• Use final keyword to make class variables immutable

• Return new instances in methods instead of modifying existing ones

• Use defensive copying to prevent modification of internal state

I have worked on the Agile software development process.

• Utilized Scrum framework for project management

• Implemented iterative development and continuous feedback loops

• Collaborated closely with cross-functional teams

I have worked on projects involving communication protocols in automotive and possess strong defect management skills.

• Developed and implemented communication protocols for CAN, LIN, and FlexRay in automotive projects

• Experience in using tools like CANalyzer, CANoe, and Vector CANape for protocol testing and debugging

• Managed defects using tools like JIRA and Bugzilla, ensuring timely resolution and effective communication with stakeholders

• Implemented defect prevention measures ...read more

Our infrastructure for SEPM tool includes a centralized server, multiple clients, and regular updates.

• We have a dedicated server for SEPM that manages all the clients

• We regularly update the tool to ensure the latest security features

• We have multiple clients across different departments and locations

• We have implemented policies to ensure proper usage and security of the tool

• We have a backup system in place to prevent data loss in case of any issues

I have created over 50 business rules in my previous role.

• Created business rules for automating workflow processes

• Ensured business rules were aligned with company policies and regulations

• Regularly reviewed and updated existing business rules based on feedback and changes in requirements

Accessing a memory location directly involves using pointers in programming languages like C or C++.

• Use pointer variables to store the memory address of the location you want to access

• Dereference the pointer to access the value stored at that memory location

• Example: int *ptr; ptr = &variable; value = *ptr;

Server side condition is evaluated on the server before the page is sent to the client, while client side condition is evaluated on the client side after the page is received.

• Server side condition is processed on the server before the page is rendered to the client

• Client side condition is processed on the client's browser after the page is received

• Server side conditions are typically used for security and data validation

• Client side conditions are often used for user interface...read more

Server and endpoint security and patch update require detailed analysis to ensure protection against vulnerabilities.

• Perform regular vulnerability assessments to identify potential security risks.

• Implement strong access controls and authentication mechanisms to prevent unauthorized access.

• Utilize intrusion detection and prevention systems to monitor and block malicious activities.

• Regularly update and patch server and endpoint software to address known vulnerabilities.

• Implemen...read more

Breaking resistor is added in VFD to dissipate the excess energy generated during deceleration.

• VFDs generate energy during deceleration which needs to be dissipated to prevent damage to the system.

• Breaking resistor helps to dissipate this excess energy by converting it into heat.

• It also helps to improve the overall efficiency of the system by reducing the energy loss.

• Breaking resistor is commonly used in applications such as elevators, cranes, and conveyor belts.

I turned a negative situation into a positive one by finding a creative solution.

• Identified the root cause of the negative situation

• Brainstormed potential solutions

• Implemented a creative solution that turned the situation around

• Communicated effectively with team members to ensure success

Authentication verifies the identity of a user, while authorization determines what actions they are allowed to perform.

• Authentication confirms the identity of a user through credentials like passwords or biometrics.

• Authorization determines the level of access a user has to resources or actions.

• Examples: Logging into a system with a username and password is authentication. Being able to view/edit specific files based on user roles is authorization.

LTE call model and design of MME, S/P-GW, HSS

• LTE call model involves UE, eNodeB, MME, S/P-GW, and HSS

• MME handles signaling and mobility management

• S/P-GW handles data routing and packet forwarding

• HSS stores subscriber information and authentication data

• Design considerations include scalability, redundancy, and security

• Load balancing and failover mechanisms should be implemented

• Example: MME can be designed with multiple instances for redundancy

• Example: S/P-GW can be designed wi...read more

Create Singleton class and filter duplicates using Java 8 stream.

• To create a Singleton class, make the constructor private and provide a static method to get the instance.

• To filter duplicates using Java 8 stream, use the distinct() method.

• Example: String[] array = {"apple", "banana", "apple", "orange"}; List<String> distinctList = Arrays.stream(array).distinct().collect(Collectors.toList());

Service request is a formal request for help or support, while an incident is an unplanned interruption to a service.

• Service request is a formal request for help or support from users or customers

• Incident is an unplanned interruption to a service that causes a disruption

• Service requests are usually routine and can be planned in advance

• Incidents are unexpected and require immediate attention to restore service

• Examples: Service request - password reset, software installation. I...read more

TCP port no for BGP connection is 179.

• BGP uses TCP port 179 for establishing connections.

• This port is used for exchanging routing information between BGP routers.

• BGP is a protocol used for routing in large networks such as the internet.

Image processing techniques enhance, analyze, and manipulate images for various applications, including filtering and segmentation.

• Filtering: Techniques like Gaussian blur and median filtering reduce noise in images.

• Edge Detection: Algorithms such as Canny and Sobel detect edges, useful in object recognition.

• Image Segmentation: Dividing an image into regions, e.g., using thresholding or clustering methods.

• Morphological Operations: Techniques like dilation and erosion modify t...read more

Deploying a Domain Controller involves installing the Active Directory Domain Services role, promoting a server to a domain controller, and configuring DNS settings.

• Install the Active Directory Domain Services role on a Windows Server

• Promote the server to a domain controller using the Active Directory Domain Services Installation Wizard

• Configure DNS settings to point to the domain controller's IP address

• Verify the successful deployment by checking Active Directory Users and C...read more