Explain the basics of microcontrollers, including SP and PC.

Question

Accepted Answer

Microcontrollers use registers like SP (Stack Pointer) and PC (Program Counter) for managing execution and memory.

SP (Stack Pointer) holds the address of the top of the stack in memory, crucial for function calls and local variable storage.
PC (Program Counter) keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed, ensuring sequential execution.
In an 8-bit microcontroller, SP might point to a memory location like 0xFF, while PC could point to 0x00 for the start of the program.
Understanding SP and PC is essential for debugging and optimizing code in embedded systems.

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