900+ Softwaretest Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

A Java program that sorts an array of numbers in ascending order using the Arrays.sort() method.

• 1. Import the necessary classes: 'import java.util.Arrays;'

• 2. Create a main method: 'public static void main(String[] args) {'

• 3. Initialize an array of integers: 'int[] numbers = {5, 3, 8, 1, 2};'

• 4. Use Arrays.sort() to sort the array: 'Arrays.sort(numbers);'

• 5. Print the sorted array: 'System.out.println(Arrays.toString(numbers));'

This is a list of programming concepts and terms.

• C tokens are the basic building blocks of C programming language.

• Encapsulation is the process of hiding implementation details and exposing only necessary information.

• Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many forms.

• Array is a collection of similar data types.

• Pointers are variables that store the memory address of another variable.

• Applet is a small program that runs within a web browser.

• Java is a high-level progra...read more

Questions related to OOPS, data structures, DBMS, and SDLC models.

• OOPS concept refers to the principles of object-oriented programming such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• Array is a static data structure while linked list is a dynamic data structure.

• DBMS stands for Database Management System which is a software system used to manage and organize data.

• DDL (Data Definition Language) is used to define the database schema while DML (Data Manipulation Language) is...read more

OOP is a programming paradigm based on objects, encapsulating data and behavior for better code organization and reusability.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within one unit (e.g., a 'Car' class with properties like 'color' and methods like 'drive').

• Inheritance: Creating new classes based on existing ones to promote code reuse (e.g., 'ElectricCar' inherits from 'Car').

• Polymorphism: Allowing methods to do different things based on the object it...read more

Identify bugs in a system diagram using various testing methods and techniques to ensure quality and functionality.

• Review the system diagram for logical inconsistencies or missing components, e.g., a missing data flow between modules.

• Conduct boundary value analysis by testing inputs at the edges of valid ranges, e.g., testing a user input limit.

• Utilize state transition testing to verify system behavior across different states, e.g., checking user login states.

• Perform integrat...read more

To report a bug in Jira, follow these steps:

• Click on the 'Create' button in the top navigation bar

• Select 'Bug' as the issue type

• Fill in the required fields such as summary, description, and priority

• Attach any relevant files or screenshots

• Click 'Create' to submit the bug report

To find the ratio of the bases of two triangles given the area and height ratios.

• Area of a triangle = 1/2 * base * height.

• Let the bases of the triangles be b1 and b2.

• Given area ratio = 4:3, so A1/A2 = 4/3.

• Given height ratio = 3:4, so h1/h2 = 3/4.

• Using the area formula: (1/2 * b1 * h1) / (1/2 * b2 * h2) = 4/3.

• This simplifies to (b1 * h1) / (b2 * h2) = 4/3.

• Substituting h1/h2 = 3/4 gives: (b1 * (3/4)) / (b2) = 4/3.

• Cross-multiplying leads to 3b1 = 16b2, hence b1/b2 = 16/3.

Sanity testing and Smoke testing are types of software testing performed to check the basic functionality of the application.

• Smoke testing is a type of testing that checks whether the critical functionalities of the application are working fine or not.

• Sanity testing is a type of testing that checks whether the bugs reported earlier have been fixed or not.

• Smoke testing is performed after the build is received from the development team, whereas sanity testing is performed after...read more

Testing methodology involves structured approaches to ensure software quality through effective test case design.

• Understand requirements: Analyze specifications to identify testable features.

• Define test objectives: Clearly outline what each test case aims to verify.

• Use the test case template: Include fields like ID, description, preconditions, steps, and expected results.

• Prioritize test cases: Focus on critical functionalities first, e.g., login functionality in a web app.

• Inc...read more

We used a combination of black box and white box testing techniques in our project.

• Black box testing: Testing the functionality of the software without knowledge of its internal structure.

• White box testing: Testing the internal structure and implementation of the software.

• Example: For black box testing, we created test cases based on the software requirements and validated the expected outputs. For white box testing, we performed code reviews and used techniques like statemen...read more

Use-case testing validates software functionality based on user interactions and scenarios, ensuring it meets requirements.

• Focuses on user interactions: For example, testing a login feature by simulating user credentials.

• Identifies functional requirements: Ensures the software behaves as expected in various scenarios.

• Helps in creating test cases: Each use case can lead to specific test cases that cover different paths.

• Supports user acceptance testing: Validates that the softw...read more

Loops are used to execute a set of instructions repeatedly until a certain condition is met.

• For loop: executes a block of code a fixed number of times

• While loop: executes a block of code as long as the specified condition is true

• Do-while loop: executes a block of code at least once, then repeats the loop as long as the specified condition is true

• Foreach loop: used to iterate over elements of an array or collection

• Nested loops: loops inside another loop

Answering questions related to Infotainment, spam analysis in Gmail, Java palindrome, and basic testing.

• Infotainment refers to the integration of information and entertainment in a system, such as in-car entertainment systems.

• To analyze spam in Gmail, one can use filters and labels to segregate them from important emails.

• Java palindrome is a string that reads the same backward as forward. One can check for palindrome by comparing the string with its reverse.

• Basic testing invo...read more

Retesting is testing the same functionality again after fixing the defects. Regression testing is testing the entire system after changes.

• Retesting ensures that the defects have been fixed and the functionality is working as expected.

• Regression testing ensures that the changes made to the system have not affected the existing functionality.

• Defect tracking tool is used to track and manage defects found during testing.

• SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) is the process of dev...read more

Manual testing is done by humans, while automation testing is done using tools and scripts.

• Manual testing is time-consuming and prone to human error, while automation testing is faster and more reliable.

• Manual testing is suitable for exploratory testing and ad-hoc testing, while automation testing is ideal for repetitive tasks and regression testing.

• Manual testing requires human intervention for each test case, while automation testing can be scheduled to run unattended.

• Manua...read more

Exception handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors in a program to prevent crashes and ensure graceful error recovery.

• Allows for graceful handling of runtime errors

• Prevents program crashes

• Ensures proper error recovery

• Helps in debugging and maintaining code

• Examples: try-catch blocks in Java, catch blocks in C++

To prevent a function from being made an object, use the 'static' keyword in the function declaration.

• Declare the function as 'static' to make it only accessible within its own source file.

• Static functions cannot be called using an object of the class.

• Example: 'static void myFunction() {}'

Use SQL query with GROUP BY and HAVING clause to delete duplicate values

• Use GROUP BY clause to group the records based on the columns that should not have duplicates

• Use HAVING clause to filter out the groups that have more than one record

• Use DELETE statement to remove the duplicate records

SQL query to find duplicate values in a scenario

• Use the GROUP BY clause to group the values

• Use the HAVING clause to filter out groups with count greater than 1

• Select the columns with duplicate values

The candidate is asked to write the outputs for all joins from a given scenario.

• Inner join: Returns rows when there is a match in both tables

• Left join: Returns all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table

• Right join: Returns all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table

• Full outer join: Returns all rows when there is a match in either table

Use two ropes that each burn in 60 minutes to measure exactly 45 minutes.

• Each rope takes 60 minutes to burn completely but burns unevenly.

• Light one end of the first rope and both ends of the second rope simultaneously.

• The second rope will burn out in 30 minutes since it's lit from both ends.

• When the second rope is fully burned, 30 minutes have passed; at this point, light the other end of the first rope.

• The first rope will take 15 more minutes to burn completely, totaling 45 ...read more

Middlewares are software components that act as a bridge between different applications or systems, allowing them to communicate and share data.

• Middlewares are commonly used in web development to handle requests and responses between the client and server.

• They can be used to perform tasks such as authentication, logging, error handling, and data parsing.

• To write a custom middleware, you need to create a function that takes in the request, response, and next function as parame...read more

A WebAPI is an interface that allows communication between different software systems over the internet. Security can be added by implementing authentication and authorization mechanisms.

• WebAPI stands for Web Application Programming Interface

• It allows different software systems to communicate with each other over the internet

• Security can be added by implementing authentication and authorization mechanisms such as OAuth, JWT, or API keys

• Authentication verifies the identity of ...read more

ASP.NET Core is a cross-platform, open-source framework for building modern, cloud-based, internet-connected applications.

• ASP.NET Core is cross-platform while ASP.NET is Windows-only

• ASP.NET Core is open-source while ASP.NET is proprietary

• ASP.NET Core has a modular architecture while ASP.NET is monolithic

• ASP.NET Core has better performance and scalability than ASP.NET

• ASP.NET Core supports dependency injection out of the box while ASP.NET requires third-party libraries

• ASP.NET C...read more

Copying an OTP between browsers involves using clipboard functions and navigating between applications.

• Open the first browser where the OTP is displayed.

• Highlight the OTP text using the mouse or keyboard shortcuts (Ctrl+C).

• Switch to the second browser using Alt+Tab or by clicking on its icon.

• Click on the input field where the OTP needs to be pasted.

• Paste the OTP using keyboard shortcuts (Ctrl+V) or right-click and select 'Paste'.

A hash set stores unique elements using a hash function for efficient retrieval.

• Hash set stores unique elements based on their hash code

• Employee object must have proper hashCode() and equals() methods implemented

• Example: HashSet<Employee> employeeSet = new HashSet<>();

Convert a string from camel case to snake case.

• Split the camel case string into words based on uppercase letters.

• Convert each word to lowercase and separate them with underscores.

• Join the words back together with underscores to form the snake case string.