kipi.ai Solution Architect Interview Questions and Answers

Check if binary tree is balanced or not.

• A balanced binary tree has the height of left and right subtrees differ by at most 1.

• Recursively check the height of left and right subtrees and compare.

• Use a helper function to calculate the height of a subtree.

• Time complexity: O(nlogn) for a balanced tree, O(n^2) for a skewed tree.

Detect loops in a linked list.

• Use two pointers, one moving at a faster pace than the other.

• If there is a loop, the faster pointer will eventually catch up to the slower one.

• To detect the start of the loop, reset one pointer to the head and move both pointers at the same pace.

SOLID principles are a set of five design principles for writing maintainable and scalable code.

• Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) - a class should have only one reason to change

• Open-Closed Principle (OCP) - a class should be open for extension but closed for modification

• Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) - a subclass should be able to replace its parent class without affecting the system's behavior

• Interface Segreg...read more

Ref and out are both used for passing arguments by reference in C#. Ref is bidirectional while out is unidirectional.

• Ref and out are used to pass arguments by reference instead of by value

• Ref is used for both input and output parameters while out is only used for output parameters

• Ref requires the variable to be initialized before passing while out does not

• Example: void MyMethod(ref int x) { x = x + 1; } and void MyMeth...read more

REST APIs are a way to interact with web services. Popular status codes include 200, 404, and 500.

• REST APIs allow clients to access and manipulate resources on a server using HTTP requests

• Common HTTP methods used in REST APIs include GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE

• Status codes indicate the success or failure of a request, with 2xx codes indicating success and 4xx/5xx codes indicating errors

• Some popular status codes include ...read more

Memory management in C# involves automatic garbage collection and the use of pointers.

• C# uses a garbage collector to automatically manage memory allocation and deallocation.

• Developers can use pointers to directly manipulate memory, but this is not recommended.

• C# also provides tools for managing memory usage, such as the IDisposable interface and the using statement.

Microservices, cloud-native, and serverless are the latest architectural trends in C#.

• Microservices architecture is gaining popularity due to its scalability and flexibility.

• Cloud-native architecture focuses on building applications that are optimized for cloud environments.

• Serverless architecture allows developers to focus on writing code without worrying about infrastructure management.

• Other trends include containeri...read more

Both .NET Core and Framework are used for developing Windows applications, but Core is cross-platform and lightweight.

• Core is open-source and modular, while Framework is a monolithic framework

• Core has better performance and scalability than Framework

• Core supports microservices architecture, while Framework does not

• Core has a smaller footprint and can be deployed as a single executable

• Framework has better backward compa...read more

Major advancements in .NET Core include improved performance, cross-platform compatibility, and enhanced security features.

• Improved performance through the use of Span and other optimizations

• Cross-platform compatibility with support for Linux and macOS

• Enhanced security features such as runtime code generation and data protection

• Introduction of .NET Core 3.0 with support for Windows Desktop applications

• Integration with ...read more