Mankind Pharma Trainee Research Associate Interview Questions and Answers

Mass spectrometry is a technique used to identify and quantify molecules based on their mass-to-charge ratio.

• Electrospray ionization (ESI)

• Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)

• Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

• Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)

• Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS)

UV spectrometry is a technique that measures the absorption or transmission of ultraviolet light by a sample.

• UV spectrometry is based on the principle that different molecules absorb UV light at specific wavelengths.

• It is commonly used in analytical chemistry to determine the concentration of a substance in a sample.

• UV spectrometry can be used to analyze the purity of a compound or identify unknown substances.

• The instr...read more

To prepare 0.1 N HCl and NaOH, you need to calculate the required amount of the respective chemicals and dilute them in water.

• Calculate the molar mass of HCl and NaOH

• Determine the volume of solution needed

• Use the formula: Normality (N) = (Number of equivalents / Volume of solution in liters)

• For 0.1 N HCl, calculate the number of equivalents of HCl and dilute it to the desired volume

• For NaOH, calculate the number of equ...read more

Quality assurance is the process of ensuring that products or services meet the desired level of quality.

• It involves establishing standards and procedures to ensure that products or services meet those standards.

• It includes monitoring and evaluating the quality of products or services to identify areas for improvement.

• It also involves taking corrective action when necessary to address quality issues.

• Examples include co...read more

Recall definitions

• Recall: the ability to retrieve information from memory

• Definition: a statement that explains the meaning of a word or phrase

• Research: the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions

• Associate: a person who works with others towards a common goal

• Hypothesis: a proposed explanation for a phenomenon

• Experiment: a scientific procedure...read more

The type of HPLC used depends on the specific research requirements and objectives.

• There are several types of HPLC systems available, including reverse phase, normal phase, ion exchange, size exclusion, and affinity chromatography.

• The choice of HPLC system depends on the properties of the analyte, such as polarity, size, charge, and affinity.

• For example, reverse phase HPLC is commonly used for the separation of nonpola...read more

UV detectors and HPLC detectors are used in research to analyze and quantify substances.

• UV detectors are commonly used in UV-visible spectroscopy to measure the absorption of light by a sample at different wavelengths.

• HPLC detectors are used in high-performance liquid chromatography to detect and quantify the components of a mixture.

• Common types of UV detectors include diode array detectors (DAD) and photodiode array d...read more

Matrix in MALDI MS system is a substance used to assist in ionization of the sample for analysis.

• Matrix is a substance that absorbs energy from the laser and transfers it to the sample, causing ionization.

• The choice of matrix depends on the type of sample being analyzed.

• Common matrices include alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) and sinapinic acid (SA).

Tailing factor is a measure of peak asymmetry in chromatography, indicating the presence of tailing or fronting.

• Tailing factor is calculated by dividing the distance from the peak apex to the leading edge of the peak by the distance from the peak apex to the trailing edge of the peak.

• A tailing factor of 1 indicates a symmetrical peak, while values greater than 1 indicate tailing and values less than 1 indicate fronting...read more

Method validation parameters ensure accuracy and reliability of analytical methods.

• Method validation parameters include specificity, accuracy, precision, linearity, range, limit of detection, and limit of quantification.

• Specificity ensures that the method measures only the analyte of interest.

• Accuracy measures how close the measured value is to the true value.

• Precision measures the reproducibility of the method.

• Lineari...read more

LOD and LOQ are the lowest detectable and quantifiable concentrations of an analyte, respectively.

• LOD is the lowest concentration of an analyte that can be detected with a given method.

• LOQ is the lowest concentration of an analyte that can be accurately quantified with a given method.

• LOD and LOQ are important parameters in analytical chemistry and are used to determine the sensitivity of an analytical method.

• For exampl...read more

fd is not a commonly used abbreviation or acronym in any specific field.

• There is no widely accepted definition for fd.

• It could potentially stand for a variety of things depending on the context.

• Without more information, it is impossible to provide a specific answer.

HPLC calibration involves preparing standard solutions, injecting them into the system, and adjusting parameters to ensure accurate and precise measurements.

• Prepare standard solutions of known concentration

• Inject the standard solutions into the HPLC system

• Adjust parameters such as flow rate, column temperature, and detector wavelength to optimize separation and detection

• Compare the retention times and peak areas of the...read more

Analysis is done through a systematic process of collecting, organizing, and interpreting data.

• Data collection: Gather relevant information and data.

• Data organization: Arrange the collected data in a structured manner.

• Data interpretation: Analyze the data to draw meaningful conclusions.

• Use of statistical methods: Apply statistical techniques to analyze the data.

• Reporting: Present the findings and conclusions in a clear...read more

Precautions taken during analysis

• Ensuring accurate and reliable data collection

• Maintaining proper documentation and record-keeping

• Following established protocols and procedures

• Implementing quality control measures

• Validating and verifying results

• Protecting confidentiality and privacy of data

• Considering potential biases and limitations

• Applying statistical analysis techniques appropriately

To safely handle instruments and equipment, proper storage, regular maintenance, and following safety protocols are essential.

• Store instruments and equipment in designated areas to prevent damage or loss.

• Clean and disinfect instruments after each use to maintain hygiene.

• Regularly inspect equipment for any signs of wear or malfunction.

• Follow safety guidelines and protocols while handling instruments to prevent accidents...read more

A 50 ppm solution contains 50 parts of solute per million parts of solution.

• ppm stands for parts per million.

• It is a measure of concentration.

• In a 50 ppm solution, there are 50 parts of solute per million parts of solution.

• For example, if we have a 1 million mL solution, there would be 50 mL of solute in it.

Shake flask study is a method used to evaluate the growth and productivity of microorganisms in a small-scale culture.

• It involves growing microorganisms in a small flask with shaking to provide oxygen and nutrients.

• The flask is incubated at a specific temperature and pH to mimic the conditions of the larger culture.

• Samples are taken at regular intervals to measure cell growth and product formation.

• Shake flask studies a...read more

Glycerol is used for long term preservation of bacterial cultures due to its ability to prevent ice crystal formation and cell damage.

• Glycerol acts as a cryoprotectant, preventing ice crystal formation and cell damage during freezing.

• It allows for long term storage of bacterial cultures at -80°C.

• Glycerol is added to the bacterial culture before freezing to a final concentration of 15-20%.

• It is a common practice in micr...read more

I excel in analytical thinking and collaboration, but I sometimes struggle with time management under pressure.

• Strength: Strong analytical skills - I can dissect complex data sets to identify trends, as demonstrated in my previous research project.

• Strength: Excellent teamwork - I thrive in collaborative environments, having successfully led a team in a multi-disciplinary research initiative.

• Weakness: Time management - ...read more