Orient Technologies IT Desktop Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

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Q1. Define the 3way handshake layer
Ans. 
The 3-way handshake is a TCP connection establishment process involving SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK messages.
• Step 1: Client sends a SYN packet to the server to initiate a connection.

• Step 2: Server responds with a SYN-ACK packet to acknowledge the request.

• Step 3: Client sends an ACK packet back to the server, completing the handshake.

• Example: A web browser (client) connects to a web server using this process.
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Q2. What is ssl
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SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a protocol for establishing a secure, encrypted link between a web server and a browser.
• SSL encrypts data transmitted over the internet, ensuring privacy and security.

• It uses a combination of asymmetric and symmetric encryption for secure communication.

• Websites using SSL have URLs that start with 'https://' instead of 'http://'.

• SSL certificates are issued by Certificate Authorities (CAs) t...read more
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Q3. What is zcc
Ans. 
ZCC stands for Zero-Crossing Control, a technique used in electronic circuits for efficient switching.
• ZCC minimizes power loss during switching events.

• Commonly used in AC motor drives to improve efficiency.

• Helps reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI) in circuits.

• Example: In a TRIAC-based dimmer switch, ZCC ensures smooth light dimming.
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Q4. Difine the osi layer model
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The OSI model is a conceptual framework used to understand network communication in seven layers.
• Layer 1: Physical - Deals with the physical connection (e.g., cables, switches).

• Layer 2: Data Link - Manages node-to-node data transfer (e.g., Ethernet, Wi-Fi).

• Layer 3: Network - Handles routing and forwarding of data packets (e.g., IP).

• Layer 4: Transport - Ensures complete data transfer (e.g., TCP, UDP).

• Layer 5: Session - ...read more
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Q5. What is vpn
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A VPN (Virtual Private Network) creates a secure connection over the internet, protecting data and privacy.
• Encrypts internet traffic to protect data from eavesdroppers.

• Allows remote access to a private network, useful for telecommuting.

• Bypasses geo-restrictions, enabling access to region-locked content.

• Examples include services like NordVPN, ExpressVPN, and Cisco AnyConnect.
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Q1. STP, VTP, OSPF
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Q2. What are the benefits and procedures for performing firmware upgrades, and what is the Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) process for replacing faulty switches?
Ans. 
Firmware upgrades enhance device performance, security, and compatibility, while RMA ensures efficient replacement of faulty switches.
• Improved Performance: Upgrading firmware can optimize the performance of network devices, such as switches, by enhancing processing capabilities.

• Security Enhancements: Firmware updates often include patches for vulnerabilities, protecting the network from potential threats.

• New Features: ...read more
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