Cyfirma Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Converting JSON data into an object type can be done using built-in methods in various programming languages.

• In JavaScript, use JSON.parse(): const obj = JSON.parse(jsonString);

• In Python, use json.loads(): import json; obj = json.loads(jsonString)

• In Java, use Gson library: Gson gson = new Gson(); MyClass obj = gson.fromJson(jsonString, MyClass.class);

• In C#, use JsonConvert: var obj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject&...read more

Indexing in a database improves query performance by allowing faster data retrieval through a data structure.

• Indexes are like a book's index, helping locate data quickly without scanning the entire table.

• Common types of indexes include B-tree, hash, and bitmap indexes.

• For example, a B-tree index allows for efficient range queries, while a hash index is optimal for equality searches.

• Indexes can speed up SELECT quer...read more

Key OOP concepts in Java include encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction, each with unique characteristics.

• Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate on the data within a class. Example: private variables with public getters/setters.

• Inheritance: Mechanism to create a new class using properties and methods of an existing class. Example: class Dog extends Animal.

• Polymorphism: Ability to ...read more

Joins in databases combine rows from two or more tables based on related columns.

• INNER JOIN: Returns records with matching values in both tables. Example: SELECT * FROM A INNER JOIN B ON A.id = B.id;

• LEFT JOIN: Returns all records from the left table and matched records from the right table. Example: SELECT * FROM A LEFT JOIN B ON A.id = B.id;

• RIGHT JOIN: Returns all records from the right table and matched records ...read more

Data science enhances cybersecurity by analyzing patterns, predicting threats, and automating responses to security incidents.

• Anomaly Detection: Machine learning algorithms can identify unusual patterns in network traffic, helping to detect potential intrusions or attacks.

• Predictive Analytics: By analyzing historical data, data science can forecast potential security breaches, allowing organizations to strengthen ...read more