Cygnet Infotech Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

.NET , API, C# Basics and Hands-on tests

Case based API & SQL & C# Coding test

Q1. Career Aspirations and other basic questions
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Q1. Implement LinkedList and insert element at last
Ans. 
Implement LinkedList and insert element at last
• Create a Node class with data and next pointer

• Create a LinkedList class with head and tail pointers

• Implement a method in LinkedList class to insert element at the end
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Q1. How do you read an external text file
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To read an external text file, you can use file handling techniques in programming languages like Python or Java.
• Use file handling functions like open(), read(), and close() in Python to read an external text file.

• In Java, use classes like FileReader and BufferedReader to read text files.

• Specify the file path and mode (read mode) when opening the file.

• Read the contents of the file line by line or as a whole, depending ...read more
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Q2. Write a java program to find the occurrences of characters
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Java program to find occurrences of characters in a string
• Create a HashMap to store characters and their counts

• Iterate through the string and update the counts in the HashMap

• Print the characters and their counts from the HashMap
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Q1. Questions on ref cursors and bulk collect
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Q2. Nested table record type variable creation and their syntax.
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Nested table record types in PL/SQL allow complex data structures for efficient data handling.
• A nested table is a collection type that can hold an arbitrary number of elements.

• Syntax for creating a nested table type: `CREATE TYPE nested_table_type AS TABLE OF data_type;`

• To declare a variable of a nested table type: `DECLARE my_nested_table nested_table_type;`

• You can initialize a nested table using: `my_nested_table := ...read more
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Q3. Triggers and procedures and packages differences.
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Triggers respond to database events; procedures are reusable code blocks; packages group related procedures/functions.
• Triggers are automatically executed in response to specific events (e.g., INSERT, UPDATE).

• Example of a trigger: A trigger that logs changes to a table whenever a row is updated.

• Procedures are named blocks of code that can be executed explicitly by calling them.

• Example of a procedure: A procedure that ca...read more
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Q4. ACID properties
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ACID properties ensure reliable transactions in databases: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability.
• Atomicity: Transactions are all-or-nothing. Example: If a bank transfer fails, both accounts remain unchanged.

• Consistency: Transactions bring the database from one valid state to another. Example: A transaction must not violate any database rules.

• Isolation: Concurrent transactions do not affect each other. Example: ...read more
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Q5. Materialized views and db links
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Q6. Different types of cursors
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Cursors are database objects used to retrieve and manipulate data row by row.
• 1. Implicit Cursors: Automatically created by SQL for single SQL statements. Example: SELECT * FROM employees;

• 2. Explicit Cursors: Defined by the programmer for complex queries. Example: DECLARE cursor_name CURSOR FOR SELECT * FROM orders;

• 3. Forward-only Cursors: Can only move forward through the result set. Example: Used for simple read opera...read more
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Q7. Autonomous transaction and merge statement
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Coding test was on Java programs. Basically for loop programs.