HSBC Group Senior Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

List comprehension is a concise way to create lists in Python by applying an expression to each item in an iterable.

• List comprehension is written inside square brackets []

• It consists of an expression followed by a for clause, then zero or more if clauses

• Example: squares = [x**2 for x in range(10)]

Apache Spark is a distributed computing system that provides an interface for programming entire clusters with implicit data parallelism and fault tolerance.

• Apache Spark follows a master-slave architecture with a driver program that communicates with a cluster manager to distribute work across worker nodes.

• It uses Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDDs) as the basic data structure, which are immutable distributed co...read more

A balanced tree maintains its height for efficient operations like insertion, deletion, and lookup.

• Balanced trees include AVL trees and Red-Black trees.

• AVL trees maintain balance by ensuring the heights of two child subtrees differ by at most one.

• Red-Black trees use color properties to ensure the longest path from root to leaf is no more than twice the length of the shortest.

• Example: Inserting nodes in an AVL tree...read more

Pre-order traversal visits nodes in a tree in the order: root, left subtree, right subtree.

• Start at the root node and process it first.

• Recursively visit the left subtree before the right subtree.

• Example: For a tree with root 1, left child 2, and right child 3, pre-order traversal yields [1, 2, 3].

• Useful for creating a copy of the tree or getting prefix expressions in expression trees.

SOLID is an acronym for five object-oriented design principles.

• SOLID principles help in creating software that is easy to maintain and extend.

• S - Single Responsibility Principle

• O - Open/Closed Principle

• L - Liskov Substitution Principle

• I - Interface Segregation Principle

• D - Dependency Inversion Principle