Sasken Interview Questions and Answers

Q1. What is the program to determine whether a string is a palindrome?
Ans. 
A palindrome is a string that reads the same forwards and backwards, like 'racecar' or 'level'.
• Definition: A palindrome is a word, phrase, or sequence that reads the same backward as forward. Examples include 'madam' and '12321'.

• Algorithm: To check if a string is a palindrome, compare characters from the start and end, moving towards the center.

• Case Sensitivity: Decide if the check should be case-sensitive. For example...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q2. What is the algorithm to generate a Fibonacci series in a programming language?
Ans. 
The Fibonacci series is a sequence where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones, starting from 0 and 1.
• Definition: The Fibonacci series starts with 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the two preceding ones.

• Formula: F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) with base cases F(0) = 0 and F(1) = 1.

• Iterative Approach: Use a loop to calculate Fibonacci numbers up to n. Example: for n=5, output is 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5.

• Recur...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q3. What is the algorithm to create a star pattern resembling a right-angled triangle in programming?
Ans. 
An algorithm to create a star pattern resembling a right-angled triangle involves nested loops to print stars in rows.
• Use a loop to iterate through the number of rows. For example, for 5 rows, loop from 1 to 5.

• Inside the loop, use another loop to print stars. The inner loop should run for the current row number.

• Print a newline character after each row to move to the next line.

• Example output for 5 rows: * ** *** **** **...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q4. What is functional testing, and when should it be initiated?
Ans. 
Functional testing verifies that software functions according to specified requirements, ensuring it meets user needs and expectations.
• Requirement Validation: Functional testing checks if the software meets all specified requirements, such as user login functionality in a web application.

• User Interface Testing: It involves testing the user interface to ensure it is intuitive and user-friendly, like verifying button pla...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q5. What is the defect life cycle in software testing?
Ans. 
The defect life cycle outlines the stages a defect goes through from identification to resolution in software testing.
• Identification: A defect is discovered during testing, such as a bug in the login functionality.

• Reporting: The tester logs the defect in a tracking system, providing details like severity and steps to reproduce.

• Assignment: The defect is assigned to a developer for resolution, ensuring accountability.

• Res...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q6. What are the key attributes of a test plan?
Ans. 
A test plan outlines the strategy, scope, resources, and schedule for testing activities to ensure software quality.
• Test Objectives: Clearly define what the testing aims to achieve, such as verifying functionality or performance. For example, ensuring a login feature works as intended.

• Scope of Testing: Specify what will and will not be tested, such as focusing on user interface testing while excluding backend services.

• ...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q7. Can you provide an example of a low severity, high priority issue?
Ans. 
A low severity, high priority issue might be a minor UI glitch that affects a key feature's visibility during a major release.
• UI Glitch: For example, a misaligned button on a critical page that doesn't affect functionality but impacts user experience.

• Branding Issue: A logo not displaying correctly on the homepage during a product launch, which could affect brand perception.

• Accessibility Concern: A color contrast issue ...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q8. What is the concept of a stack in data structures?
Ans. 
A stack is a linear data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle for managing data.
• LIFO Principle: The last element added to the stack is the first one to be removed, similar to a stack of plates.

• Push and Pop Operations: 'Push' adds an element to the top of the stack, while 'Pop' removes the top element.

• Applications: Stacks are used in function call management, expression evaluation, and backtrack...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q9. What is the process for finding the XPath of an element?
Ans. 
Finding XPath involves identifying the path to an element in an XML or HTML document for automation testing.
• Using Browser Developer Tools: Right-click on the element and select 'Inspect' to view its HTML structure.

• Copy XPath: In the developer tools, right-click on the highlighted element and choose 'Copy' > 'Copy XPath' to get the XPath directly.

• Manual Construction: You can manually create an XPath using the element...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q10. What is the difference between smoke testing and sanity testing?
Ans. 
Smoke testing checks basic functionality, while sanity testing verifies specific functionalities after changes.
• Purpose: Smoke testing ensures that the most crucial functions of a software application work, while sanity testing checks specific functionalities after changes.

• Execution: Smoke tests are performed first to confirm stability, whereas sanity tests are conducted after receiving a build to verify bug fixes.

• Scope...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q11. What is the difference between a test case and a test scenario?
Ans. 
A test case is a specific set of conditions to test a feature, while a test scenario outlines a high-level test objective.
• Definition: A test case is a detailed document that outlines the steps to execute a specific test, including inputs and expected results.

• Example of Test Case: 'Verify login functionality with valid credentials' would include steps, input data, and expected outcome.

• Definition: A test scenario is a hi...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q12. When do we perform ad-hoc testing?
Ans. 
Ad-hoc testing is an informal testing approach performed without any formal test plan, focusing on finding defects through exploration.
• Exploratory Testing: Testers explore the application without predefined test cases, like navigating a new app to find unexpected behavior.

• Time Constraints: When time is limited, ad-hoc testing can quickly identify critical issues, such as during the final hours before a release.

• Lack of ...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer

Q1. Abstract vs Interface
Add your answer
Q2. When to use interface and abstract
Ans. 
Use interfaces for contracts and multiple inheritance; use abstract classes for shared code and single inheritance.
• Interfaces define a contract that implementing classes must follow. Example: 'Runnable' interface in Java.

• Abstract classes can have both abstract methods (no implementation) and concrete methods (with implementation). Example: 'Activity' class in Android.

• Use interfaces when you want to allow multiple inher...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q3. Method overloading and Method overriding
Add your answer
Q4. Difference between val and var
Ans. 
In Kotlin, 'val' is for immutable variables, while 'var' is for mutable variables, allowing reassignment.
• val: Immutable reference, cannot be reassigned after initialization. Example: val name = 'John'

• var: Mutable reference, can be reassigned. Example: var age = 30; age = 31

• Use 'val' when the value should not change, promoting safer code.

• Use 'var' when you need to change the value during the program's execution.
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q5. Difference between const and val
Ans. 
In Kotlin, 'const' is for compile-time constants, while 'val' is for read-only properties that can be initialized at runtime.
• const: Used for compile-time constants, must be of a primitive type or String.

• Example: const val PI = 3.14

• val: Used for read-only properties, can be initialized at runtime.

• Example: val name = 'John'

• const values are inlined at compile time, while val values are not.

• const can only be declared at th...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q6. Project related questions
Add your answer
Q7. Coding question: Shift all zeroes to one side.
Ans. 
Shift all zeroes in an array to the left while maintaining the order of non-zero elements.
• Iterate through the array and count non-zero elements.

• Use a new array to place non-zero elements first.

• Fill the remaining positions with zeroes.

• Example: For [0, 1, 0, 3, 12], result is [0, 0, 1, 3, 12].

• In-place approach: Use two pointers to swap elements.
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q8. Asked about Viewmodel and how does it handle configuration changes.
Ans. 
ViewModel retains UI-related data during configuration changes, ensuring a seamless user experience in Android apps.
• ViewModel is part of Android Architecture Components, designed to store and manage UI-related data.

• It survives configuration changes like screen rotations, preventing data loss.

• Example: If a user is filling out a form and the screen rotates, the ViewModel retains the form data.

• ViewModel is lifecycle-aware...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q9. What are the advantages of Kotlin over Java?
Ans. 
Kotlin offers modern features, improved syntax, and enhanced safety compared to Java, making Android development more efficient.
• Null Safety: Kotlin's type system distinguishes between nullable and non-nullable types, reducing NullPointerExceptions. Example: 'var name: String? = null'.

• Concise Syntax: Kotlin reduces boilerplate code. For instance, data classes automatically generate getters, setters, and toString methods...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer

I was asked about Rust and it's nuances: How the memory management model works, and then asked to write a program to read and write files to disk, as well as accept command line arguments using Rust's standard library.

Q1. How do you work on code that someone else has written?
Add your answer
Q2. How do you debug and solve problems that might've gotten missed during Unit Testing after they've been presented by QA?
Add your answer
Q3. How do you improve the performance/memory footprint of your Rust program, without relying on any external crates, profilers, or architectural changes? Assume that logging and monitoring libraries etc. are ...read more
Add your answer

Q1. Where do you see yourself in 3 years time?
Ans. 
In three years, I envision myself as a lead software engineer, driving innovative projects and mentoring junior developers.
• Leading a team on impactful projects, such as developing a scalable application that improves user experience.

• Mentoring junior engineers, helping them grow their skills through code reviews and pair programming.

• Contributing to open-source projects to enhance my skills and give back to the community...read more
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q2. Why did you leave your previous organisation after such a short stint?
Add your answer

Aptitude round consists of 7-8 sections that assess the candidates aptitude skills and time management.

For me the topic of group discussion was Cybersecurity and Computer Networking.

Q1. Explain the OOPS concepts of Java and related questions.
Add your answer
Q2. Write a Program to find the duplicates in an array and store them in key-value pairs using hashmap.
Ans. 
Program to find duplicates in an array and store them in key-value pairs using hashmap.
• Create a hashmap to store the elements of the array as keys and their frequency as values.

• Iterate through the array and check if the element already exists in the hashmap. If it does, increment the frequency.

• Finally, iterate through the hashmap and print the key-value pairs where the frequency is greater than 1.
Answered by AI
Add your answer

Q1. Tell me about Yourself
Ans. 
I am a recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science and a passion for coding. I have experience with Java, Python, and web development.
• Recent graduate with a degree in Computer Science

• Passionate about coding and technology

• Proficient in Java, Python, and web development

• Experience with projects in software development
Answered by AI
Add your answer
Q2. Some scenario based questions.
Add your answer