Wall Street Consulting Services Interview Questions and Answers

ASP.NET is a web framework for building dynamic web applications and services using .NET technologies.

• Developed by Microsoft, ASP.NET allows developers to create web applications using C# or VB.NET.

• Supports MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture, enhancing code organization and separation of concerns.

• Includes ASP.NET Web Forms for rapid application development with a drag-and-drop interface.

• ASP.NET Core is a cross-pl...read more

MVC is a software architectural pattern that separates an application into three main components: Model, View, and Controller.

• Model: Represents the data and business logic. Example: A class that handles database operations.

• View: The user interface that displays data. Example: HTML pages or Razor views in ASP.NET.

• Controller: Manages user input and interacts with the model. Example: A controller action that processes for...read more

Traits in PHP allow code reuse in classes, differing from interfaces which define method contracts without implementation.

• Traits enable the inclusion of methods in multiple classes without inheritance.

• Unlike interfaces, traits can contain method implementations.

• Traits can be used to avoid code duplication across different classes.

• Example: A trait 'Logger' can provide logging methods that can be used in multiple classes...read more

PHP uses local and global scopes to manage variable visibility within functions, affecting accessibility and lifetime.

• Variables declared inside a function are local to that function and cannot be accessed outside of it.

• Global variables can be accessed inside a function using the 'global' keyword.

• Example: function test() { $a = 5; } $a is not accessible outside test().

• To access a global variable: global $a; inside the f...read more

The Software Testing Life Cycle (STLC) outlines the phases involved in testing software to ensure quality and functionality.

• 1. Requirement Analysis: Understand testing requirements based on software specifications.

• 2. Test Planning: Define the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for testing activities.

• 3. Test Case Design: Create detailed test cases and scenarios based on requirements.

• 4. Test Environment Setup: Prep...read more

Bug tracking and test management tools help teams identify, report, and manage software defects efficiently.

• JIRA: A popular tool for bug tracking and project management, allowing teams to create and manage issues.

• Bugzilla: An open-source bug tracking system that provides a robust platform for reporting and tracking bugs.

• TestRail: A test management tool that helps teams organize test cases, track test results, and manag...read more

Java has four access modifiers: public, private, protected, and default, controlling visibility and accessibility of classes and members.

• public: Accessible from any other class. Example: public class MyClass {}

• private: Accessible only within the same class. Example: private int myVar;

• protected: Accessible within the same package and subclasses. Example: protected void myMethod() {}

• default: No modifier means package-pri...read more

Checked exceptions must be handled or declared, while unchecked exceptions do not require explicit handling.

• Checked exceptions are subclasses of Exception, excluding RuntimeException.

• Example: IOException is a checked exception that must be caught or declared.

• Unchecked exceptions are subclasses of RuntimeException.

• Example: NullPointerException is an unchecked exception that can occur at runtime.

• Checked exceptions are ty...read more

Black Box Testing is a software testing method focusing on input and output without knowledge of internal code structure.

• Tests the functionality of an application without looking at the internal code.

• Focuses on input data and expected output, ensuring the software behaves as intended.

• Example: Testing a login form by entering valid and invalid credentials to check access.

• Useful for validating user requirements and ensur...read more

Regression testing ensures that new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionalities.

• Verifies that recent code changes haven't introduced new bugs.

• Can be automated for efficiency, using tools like Selenium or JUnit.

• Example: After adding a new feature, testing existing features to ensure they still work.

• Often performed after bug fixes or enhancements to confirm stability.