200+ Associate Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Options are contracts that give buyers rights to buy or sell assets at specific prices before certain dates.

• Options come in two types: calls (buy) and puts (sell).

• Example: A call option allows you to buy stock at a set price, benefiting if the stock price rises.

• Example: A put option allows you to sell stock at a set price, benefiting if the stock price falls.

• Options can be used for income through strategies like covered calls.

• Traders use options to speculate on price movement...read more

Answering SQL related questions on table creation, alteration, and querying with group by and having clauses.

• To create a table with specified columns, use the CREATE TABLE statement with column names and data types.

• To alter a table and add new columns, use the ALTER TABLE statement with ADD COLUMN keyword.

• To create another table with help of existing tables, use the CREATE TABLE statement with SELECT statement.

• To write a query which uses group by clause, use the GROUP BY keyw...read more

An IP address is a unique numerical identifier assigned to devices connected to a network to enable communication.

• IP stands for Internet Protocol

• It is required for devices to communicate with each other over a network

• It consists of a series of numbers separated by dots

• There are two types of IP addresses - IPv4 and IPv6

• Examples of IP addresses are 192.168.0.1 and 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334

A debenture is a type of debt instrument that is issued by a company or government entity to raise capital.

• Debentures are typically long-term investments with a fixed interest rate and maturity date.

• They are unsecured, meaning they are not backed by any specific collateral.

• Debenture holders are considered creditors of the company and have a claim on its assets in case of default.

• Capital is considered a liability as it represents the funds that a company owes to its shareholde...read more

Money laundering is the process of making illegally obtained money appear to be legitimate.

• It involves disguising the source of the money through a series of transactions.

• The purpose is to make it difficult for authorities to trace the money back to its illegal origins.

• Examples include using shell companies, offshore accounts, and cash businesses to hide the source of the funds.

• Money laundering is often associated with organized crime, drug trafficking, and terrorism financin...read more

Code to check if two strings are anagram or not.

• Convert both strings to lowercase to avoid case sensitivity

• Sort both strings and compare them

• Use a hash table to count the frequency of each character in both strings and compare the hash tables

The various stages in the trade cycle life are expansion, peak, contraction, and trough.

• Expansion: Period of economic growth, increased production, and rising employment.

• Peak: The highest point of economic activity before a downturn.

• Contraction: Economic decline, decreased production, and rising unemployment.

• Trough: The lowest point of economic activity before a recovery.

• Example: During the expansion phase, businesses experience increased demand and profitability.

• Example: The...read more

To limit distractions, I prioritize tasks, create a dedicated workspace, and use time management techniques.

• Prioritize tasks by creating a to-do list and focusing on high-priority items first

• Create a dedicated workspace free from distractions like noise, clutter, and interruptions

• Use time management techniques such as the Pomodoro Technique or time blocking to stay focused

• Minimize digital distractions by turning off notifications or using website blockers

• Practice self-discipl...read more

STLC stands for Software Testing Life Cycle. It is a process followed to ensure quality in software development.

• STLC involves planning, designing, executing and reporting of tests.

• It includes various stages like requirement analysis, test planning, test design, test execution, and test closure.

• Each stage has its own set of deliverables and objectives.

• STLC helps in identifying defects early in the development cycle, reducing the cost of fixing them later.

• Examples of STLC model...read more

Credit cards allow borrowing money while debit cards use funds from a linked account.

• Credit cards charge interest on unpaid balances while debit cards do not.

• Credit cards offer rewards and cashback while debit cards do not.

• Credit cards have a credit limit while debit cards do not.

• Credit cards can be used to build credit history while debit cards cannot.

• Examples of credit cards include Visa, Mastercard, and American Express while examples of debit cards include Visa Debit, Mas...read more

Java collections are a group of classes and interfaces used to store and manipulate groups of objects.

• To print elements in reverse order, use the Collections.reverse() method.

• This method takes a List as an argument and reverses the order of its elements.

• Example: List names = new ArrayList<>(); Collections.reverse(names);

• Other commonly used collections in Java include Set, Map, Queue, and Stack.

Explaining the difference between WHERE and HAVING clause and types of joins with examples.

• WHERE clause is used to filter rows based on a condition while HAVING clause is used to filter groups based on a condition

• INNER JOIN returns only the matching rows from both tables while LEFT JOIN returns all rows from the left table and matching rows from the right table

• Combining two tables can be done using JOIN clause with a common column between them

• Example: SELECT * FROM table1 INN...read more

AMC stands for Asset Management Company. Knowledge of Excel refers to proficiency in using Excel software. Advanced tools of Excel refer to the advanced features and functions available in Excel.

• AMC stands for Asset Management Company, which is a company that invests and manages funds on behalf of clients.

• Knowledge of Excel refers to the ability to use Excel software for data analysis, calculations, and creating spreadsheets.

• Advanced tools of Excel include features like pivot...read more

Precision is the closeness of measurements to each other, while accuracy is the closeness of measurements to the true value. Percentile represents the percentage of data points below a certain value.

• Precision refers to the consistency of repeated measurements, while accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value.

• For example, if a target is hit multiple times in the same spot, it is precise but may not be accurate if it is not hitting the bullseye.

• Percentile i...read more

Around 600 flights are handled by Bangalore airport on a daily basis.

• Bangalore airport is one of the busiest airports in India

• It handles both domestic and international flights

• On average, there are around 25-30 flights per hour

• The number of flights may vary depending on the day of the week and time of the year

My preferred programming language is Python.

• Python is easy to learn and has a simple syntax.

• It has a vast library of modules and frameworks for various purposes.

• Python is widely used in data science and machine learning.

• It is also great for web development and automation tasks.

• Examples: Flask, Django, NumPy, Pandas, TensorFlow.

I would like to work on Artificial Intelligence.

• Developing machine learning algorithms for predictive analysis

• Creating chatbots for customer service

• Implementing computer vision for object recognition

• Exploring natural language processing for sentiment analysis

Money laundering involves several processes to make illegally obtained money appear legitimate.

• Placement: Introducing illicit funds into the financial system

• Layering: Conducting complex transactions to obscure the origin of funds

• Integration: Making the laundered money appear legitimate by merging it with legal funds

• Examples: Shell companies, offshore accounts, smurfing, trade-based laundering

I use systematic troubleshooting techniques to identify and resolve technical issues effectively.

• 1. Identify the issue: Ask users specific questions to understand the problem, e.g., 'What error message do you see?'

• 2. Check connections: Ensure all cables are securely connected, especially for printers and peripherals.

• 3. Restart devices: A simple reboot can resolve many issues, such as a slow computer or unresponsive printer.

• 4. Update drivers: Ensure that all device drivers are...read more

Accounts payable and receivables are both financial transactions, but they differ in terms of direction and purpose.

• Accounts payable refers to the money a company owes to its suppliers or vendors for goods or services received.

• Accounts receivable refers to the money owed to a company by its customers or clients for goods or services provided.

• Accounts payable represents a liability for the company, while accounts receivable represents an asset.

• Accounts payable is recorded as a...read more

Money laundering can take various forms to conceal the illegal source of funds.

• Structuring transactions to avoid reporting requirements

• Using shell companies or offshore accounts to hide the true ownership of assets

• Investing in legitimate businesses to mix illicit funds with clean money

• Using cash-intensive businesses like casinos or car washes to launder money

• Trade-based money laundering through over- or under-invoicing of goods or services

• Using virtual currencies like Bitcoin...read more

Ind AS 115 and Ind AS 116 are accounting standards used for revenue recognition and lease accounting respectively.

• Ind AS 115: It provides guidance on how to recognize revenue from contracts with customers.

• Ind AS 116: It outlines the principles for recognizing, measuring, presenting, and disclosing leases.

• Both standards are part of the Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS) framework.

• Ind AS 115 replaces the previous revenue recognition standard (Ind AS 18) and provides a compreh...read more

The types of capital markets include primary markets and secondary markets.

• Primary markets are where new securities are issued and sold for the first time, such as initial public offerings (IPOs).

• Secondary markets are where existing securities are traded among investors, such as stock exchanges.

• Other types of capital markets include money markets, bond markets, and derivatives markets.

• Money markets deal with short-term debt securities and instruments.

• Bond markets involve the ...read more

Code to print the second largest element in array

• Sort the array in descending order and return the second element

• Iterate through the array and keep track of the largest and second largest elements

• Use a priority queue to find the second largest element

Opening a bank account requires valid identity and address proof. E-commerce refers to buying and selling goods online.

• To open a bank account, visit the bank with valid identity and address proof documents

• Fill out the account opening form and submit the required documents

• Once the account is opened, you can start depositing and withdrawing money

• E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services online

• Examples of e-commerce platforms include Amazon, Flipkart, and...read more

AI stands for Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning is a subset of AI that focuses on training machines to learn from data. Bounding Box is a tool used in computer vision tasks to label objects in images or videos.

• AI is the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, such as learning, reasoning, and self-correction.

• Machine Learning is a subset of AI that involves training algorithms to learn patterns from data and make predictions or decisions.

• Bounding Box is ...read more

Query to fetch second highest salary in SQL

• Use ORDER BY and LIMIT to select the second highest salary

• Assuming the table name is 'employees' and salary column name is 'salary':

• SELECT salary FROM employees ORDER BY salary DESC LIMIT 1,1