EPAM Systems Scrum Master Interview Questions and Answers

C is a procedural programming language while C++ is an object-oriented programming language.

• C is a low-level language while C++ is a high-level language.

• C++ supports object-oriented programming concepts like classes, inheritance, and polymorphism.

• C++ has better support for exception handling and templates.

• C++ is more complex than C and requires more memory.

• C++ is used for developing applications like video games, while...read more

A class is a blueprint for creating objects that have similar attributes and behaviors.

• Classes are used in object-oriented programming.

• They define the properties and methods that objects of that class will have.

• Objects are instances of a class.

• Classes can inherit properties and methods from other classes.

• Examples of classes include 'Person', 'Car', and 'Animal'.

An object is a self-contained entity that contains data and behavior.

• An object is an instance of a class.

• It has attributes (data) and methods (behavior).

• Objects can interact with each other through their methods.

• Examples include a car object with attributes like color and model, and methods like start and stop.

• Another example is a person object with attributes like name and age, and methods like walk and talk.

A variable that is associated with a class rather than with instances of the class.

• Static variables are declared using the static keyword.

• They are initialized only once, at the start of the program execution.

• They retain their value throughout the program's execution.

• They can be accessed without creating an instance of the class.

• Example: public static int count = 0;

Static variables have local scope but retain their value between function calls, while global variables have global scope.

• Static variables are declared inside a function and retain their value between function calls

• Global variables are declared outside of any function and can be accessed from any part of the program

• Static variables have local scope, while global variables have global scope

• Static variables are initializ...read more

Pointers are variables that store memory addresses of other variables or functions.

• Pointers allow for dynamic memory allocation and manipulation.

• They are commonly used in programming languages like C and C++.

• Pointers can be used to pass values between functions by reference.

• They can also be used to create complex data structures like linked lists and trees.

• Example: int *ptr; // declares a pointer to an integer variable

Structures are arrangements of elements that form a framework or framework-like support.

• Structures can be found in various fields such as engineering, architecture, and biology.

• They can be made of different materials such as steel, wood, or bone.

• Examples include bridges, buildings, and the skeletal system.

• Structures can be designed to withstand different types of forces such as compression, tension, or bending.

A stack is a data structure that follows the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle.

• Push: adds an element to the top of the stack

• Pop: removes the top element from the stack

• Peek: returns the top element without removing it

• IsEmpty: checks if the stack is empty

• Size: returns the number of elements in the stack

Three steps for using functions in C.

• Declare the function with its return type, name, and parameters.

• Define the function by writing the code for it.

• Call the function by using its name and passing arguments if necessary.

The limit for the number of arguments passed to functions is not fixed. Arrays or structures can be used to pass more parameters.

• The limit for the number of arguments passed to functions is not fixed and depends on the programming language and system architecture.

• In C programming language, there is no limit on the number of arguments that can be passed to a function.

• In Java, the maximum number of arguments that can be ...read more

A union is an organization formed by workers to protect their rights and interests in the workplace.

• Unions negotiate with employers for better wages, benefits, and working conditions.

• They also provide support and representation for workers in disputes with management.

• Membership in a union is voluntary, but members pay dues to support the union's activities.

• Unions can be industry-specific, such as the United Auto Worker...read more

if else is used for simple conditions while switch case is used for multiple conditions.

• if else is a sequential decision-making statement while switch case is a multi-branch decision-making statement

• if else is used when there are only a few conditions to be checked while switch case is used when there are multiple conditions to be checked

• if else can have multiple conditions in a single statement while switch case can o...read more

Member functions are functions that are defined inside a class and can access the class's private and protected members.

• Member functions are also known as methods.

• They can be used to manipulate the data members of an object.

• They can be overloaded, meaning multiple functions with the same name but different parameters can exist within a class.

• They can be declared as const, meaning they do not modify the object's state.

• E...read more

Find the output of c=++a+b-- where a=5 and b=4.

• The value of a is incremented by 1 before the addition operation

• The value of b is decremented by 1 after the addition operation

• The final value of c is 10

• The value of a becomes 6 and the value of b becomes 3

10 plants can be planted in 5 rows with 4 plants in each row.

• Divide the plants into groups of 4.

• Arrange the groups in 5 rows.

• Each row will have 4 plants.

Exceptions handling is a mechanism to handle runtime errors in Java programs.

• Exceptions are objects that are thrown at runtime when an error occurs

• Java provides try-catch-finally blocks to handle exceptions

• Checked exceptions must be handled or declared in the method signature

• Unchecked exceptions can be handled or left unhandled

• Custom exceptions can be created by extending the Exception class

I have experience in project management, data analysis, and consulting across various industries.

• Managed multiple projects simultaneously, ensuring timely delivery and client satisfaction

• Analyzed data to identify trends and provide insights for clients

• Consulted with clients to develop and implement strategies for growth and efficiency

• Worked with clients in industries such as healthcare, finance, and retail

• Collaborated ...read more

To gain experience in consulting and develop skills in project management, team leadership, and client relations.

• Gain experience in consulting

• Develop skills in project management

• Develop skills in team leadership

• Develop skills in client relations

Key metrics for Scrum projects include velocity, burn-down charts, and cycle time to track progress and improve team performance.

• Velocity: Measures the amount of work completed in a sprint, helping to predict future performance. For example, if a team completes 30 story points in a sprint, their velocity is 30.

• Burn-down Chart: Visual representation of work remaining versus time, allowing teams to see if they are on tra...read more

It is not recommended to add user stories in the middle of the sprint.

• Product owner should be advised to wait until the next sprint planning meeting to add the user story.

• If the user story is critical, the team should discuss and decide if it can be accommodated within the current sprint.

• Adding user stories in the middle of the sprint can disrupt the team's focus and impact the sprint goal.

• The Scrum Master should facil...read more

Teams face various challenges, including communication issues, resistance to change, and managing conflicts effectively.

• Communication barriers: Team members may work in different locations, leading to misunderstandings. For example, remote teams might struggle with time zone differences.

• Resistance to change: Some team members may be hesitant to adopt Agile practices, fearing loss of control. For instance, a developer m...read more

Conducting PBR sessions involves collaboration, prioritization, and refining the product backlog with the team.

• Schedule regular PBR sessions, ideally once per sprint, to keep the backlog updated.

• Involve the entire Scrum team, including the Product Owner, to ensure diverse perspectives.

• Review and prioritize backlog items based on business value and team capacity.

• Use techniques like user story mapping or affinity estimat...read more

User story estimation is done using relative sizing and team consensus.

• Use story points to estimate complexity and effort

• Relative sizing is used to compare user stories

• Team consensus is important for accurate estimation

• Estimation should be done by the entire team, including developers and stakeholders