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Identify the most frequently occurring character in a string and return it along with its count.
Use a dictionary to count occurrences of each character. Example: For 'hello', count {'h': 1, 'e': 1, 'l': 2, 'o': 1}.
Iterate through the string and update the count in the dictionary.
Find the character with the maximum count using the max function.
Consider edge cases like empty strings or strings with all unique charac...
The deployment with SageMaker was smooth, leveraging its features for model training and real-time inference.
Utilized SageMaker's built-in algorithms for efficient model training, such as XGBoost for classification tasks.
Implemented a CI/CD pipeline using SageMaker Pipelines to automate model deployment and updates.
Monitored model performance using SageMaker Model Monitor to ensure accuracy and detect data drift.
D...
Selenium provides various methods for browser automation, each serving different purposes in testing web applications.
findElement: Locates a single web element. Example: driver.findElement(By.id('submit')).
findElements: Locates multiple web elements. Example: driver.findElements(By.className('item')).
click: Simulates a mouse click on an element. Example: element.click().
sendKeys: Sends keystrokes to an element. Ex...
Retrieve the top 5 most loaned books using SQL from books and loans tables.
Join the books and loans tables on the book ID.
Group the results by book title or ID to aggregate loan counts.
Order the results by the count of loans in descending order.
Limit the results to the top 5 entries.
This program rotates an array of strings K times to the right.
Use modulo operation to handle cases where K is greater than the array length.
Example: For array ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] and K=2, result is ['c', 'd', 'a', 'b'].
Consider edge cases: empty array or K=0 should return the original array.
In Python, slicing can be used: arr[-K:] + arr[:-K] for rotation.
This program removes duplicate strings from an array, ensuring each string appears only once.
Use a set to store unique strings, as sets automatically handle duplicates. Example: ['apple', 'banana', 'apple'] becomes ['apple', 'banana'].
Iterate through the array and add each string to the set, then convert the set back to an array. Example: ['cat', 'dog', 'cat'] results in ['cat', 'dog'].
Consider using built-in func...
Python programming encompasses fundamental concepts like variables, data types, control structures, functions, and object-oriented programming.
Variables: Used to store data. Example: `x = 5`.
Data Types: Common types include integers, floats, strings, and lists. Example: `name = 'Alice'`.
Control Structures: Includes if-else statements and loops. Example: `if x > 0: print('Positive')`.
Functions: Blocks of reusabl...
GCP stands for Google Cloud Platform, a suite of cloud computing services offered by Google.
GCP provides infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and serverless computing.
Examples of GCP services include Google Compute Engine (VMs), Google App Engine (PaaS), and Google Cloud Functions (serverless).
GCP supports various programming languages and frameworks, making it versatile for developers...
Utilized various deployment strategies and automation methods for efficient AKS application deployment.
Implemented Blue-Green Deployment to minimize downtime and reduce risk during updates.
Used Helm charts for packaging and deploying applications, allowing for easy version control.
Employed Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipelines with Azure DevOps for automated deployments.
Utilized Kubernetes...
I deployed an IoT architecture on Azure using services like IoT Hub, Azure Functions, and Stream Analytics for real-time data processing.
Utilized Azure IoT Hub for secure device connectivity and management.
Implemented Azure Functions to process incoming data from IoT devices in real-time.
Used Azure Stream Analytics to analyze data streams and generate insights.
Stored processed data in Azure Blob Storage for long-t...
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Feb 2022. There was 1 interview round.
Pega suggests not having a framework layer in the application stack to avoid unnecessary complexity and maintainability issues.
Pega recommends a flat application stack to simplify the design and development process.
Having a framework layer can introduce unnecessary complexity and increase the learning curve for developers.
A flat application stack allows for easier maintenance and upgrades as there are no dependencies o...
Design patterns are reusable solutions to common problems in case management.
Factory pattern for creating cases
Singleton pattern for managing case data
Observer pattern for notifying stakeholders of case updates
Decorator pattern for adding additional functionality to cases
Strategy pattern for selecting appropriate case handling strategies
Configure OKTA security for a connect rest method
Create an OKTA account and configure the security settings
Generate an API token in OKTA and use it in the REST method
Add the OKTA authorization header to the REST request
Test the REST method with OKTA authentication
Job scheduler schedules jobs to run at specific times while queue processor processes jobs in a queue.
Job scheduler is time-based while queue processor is event-based
Job scheduler is used for scheduling tasks like backups, updates, etc.
Queue processor is used for processing tasks like sending emails, processing orders, etc.
Job scheduler can be used to trigger a queue processor to process a job
Queue processor can handle...
Agents and job schedulers are both used for automation but have different functions.
Agents are software components that perform tasks on behalf of a user or another program.
Job schedulers are used to automate the execution of tasks at specific times or intervals.
Agents can be used to monitor and manage systems, while job schedulers are used to automate repetitive tasks.
Agents can be proactive in identifying and resolvi...
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There were 4 interview rounds.
My current day-to-day tasks involve designing and implementing data pipelines, optimizing data storage and retrieval, and collaborating with cross-functional teams.
Designing and implementing data pipelines to extract, transform, and load data from various sources
Optimizing data storage and retrieval processes for efficiency and scalability
Collaborating with cross-functional teams to understand data requirements and del...
The end-to-end project architecture involves designing and implementing the entire data pipeline from data ingestion to data visualization.
Data ingestion: Collecting data from various sources such as databases, APIs, and files.
Data processing: Cleaning, transforming, and aggregating the data using tools like Apache Spark or Hadoop.
Data storage: Storing the processed data in data warehouses or data lakes like Amazon S3 ...
Use Spark (Databricks) notebooks to migrate 1000s of tables efficiently.
Utilize Spark's parallel processing capabilities to handle large volumes of data
Leverage Databricks notebooks for interactive data exploration and transformation
Automate the migration process using scripts or workflows
Optimize performance by tuning Spark configurations and cluster settings
Understanding SQL joins is crucial for data retrieval and analysis in relational databases.
INNER JOIN: Returns records with matching values in both tables. Example: SELECT * FROM A INNER JOIN B ON A.id = B.id.
LEFT JOIN: Returns all records from the left table and matched records from the right table. Example: SELECT * FROM A LEFT JOIN B ON A.id = B.id.
RIGHT JOIN: Returns all records from the right table and matched rec...
Seeking new challenges and opportunities for growth in a more dynamic environment.
Desire for new challenges and learning opportunities
Seeking a more dynamic work environment
Looking to expand skill set and experience
Interested in working on cutting-edge technologies
Seeking better career advancement prospects
I expect EPAM to provide challenging projects, opportunities for growth, a collaborative work environment, and support for continuous learning.
Challenging projects that allow me to utilize my skills and knowledge
Opportunities for professional growth and advancement within the company
A collaborative work environment where teamwork is valued
Support for continuous learning through training programs and resources
Yes, I am willing to relocate for the right opportunity. I can join the company within 4 weeks.
Willing to relocate for the right opportunity
Can join within 4 weeks
Open to discussing relocation assistance if needed
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
The code demonstrates exception handling, resulting in an output of 2 due to incrementing variable I in catch and finally blocks.
The code throws a NullPointerException which is caught in the catch block.
In the catch block, I is incremented from 0 to 1.
The finally block executes regardless of exception, incrementing I from 1 to 2.
The final output printed is the value of I, which is 2.
Identify and print duplicate names from a string array that start with 'B'.
1. Create a string array with names, e.g., ['Bob', 'Alice', 'Bill', 'Bob', 'Bobby'].
2. Use a HashMap or dictionary to count occurrences of each name.
3. Iterate through the array and check for names starting with 'B'.
4. Print names that have a count greater than 1, e.g., 'Bob' and 'Bill' if they are duplicates.
TestNG annotations are used to define test methods, configuration, and grouping in automated testing.
@Test: Marks a method as a test method. Example: @Test public void testMethod() {}
@BeforeSuite: Executes before the entire test suite. Example: @BeforeSuite public void setupSuite() {}
@AfterSuite: Executes after the entire test suite. Example: @AfterSuite public void teardownSuite() {}
@BeforeTest: Executes before any te...
In a runner class, tags help organize and filter test cases for execution in automation testing frameworks.
Tags are used to categorize tests, e.g., @smoke, @regression.
They allow selective execution, e.g., running only @smoke tests.
Tags can be combined, e.g., @regression and @critical.
In Cucumber, tags are specified in the feature file, e.g., @login.
In TestNG, tags can be implemented using groups in XML configuration.
Regression testing checks existing features after changes, while smoke testing verifies basic functionality post-deployment.
Regression testing ensures that new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionalities.
Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check if the basic functions of an application work.
Example of regression testing: After a new feature is added, testing all existing features to ensure they sti...
Custom exceptions enhance error handling in automation testing, while StaleElementReferenceException indicates a DOM element is no longer valid.
Custom Exceptions: These are user-defined exceptions that allow developers to create specific error handling scenarios tailored to their application needs.
Common Exceptions: In automation testing, I've encountered exceptions like NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException, and St...
Waits in automation testing manage timing issues between code execution and web element availability.
Implicit Wait: Sets a default wait time for the entire session. Example: driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
Explicit Wait: Waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding. Example: WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
Fluent Wait: Similar to explicit wait but allows p...
BDD is a software development approach that enhances collaboration between developers, testers, and non-technical stakeholders.
Originated from Test Driven Development (TDD) to improve communication.
Focuses on defining behavior in simple language, often using Gherkin syntax.
Encourages collaboration through examples and scenarios, e.g., 'Given a user is logged in, when they click logout, then they should see the login pa...
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
I applied via Naukri.com and was interviewed in Nov 2024. There was 1 interview round.
Best practices for writing PowerShell scripts
Use clear and descriptive variable names
Comment your code to explain complex logic
Handle errors gracefully with try/catch blocks
Use functions to modularize your script
Avoid hardcoding values whenever possible
To create a Private Endpoint for Azure Key Vaults, you need to configure a private link service.
Navigate to the Azure portal and search for 'Key Vaults'.
Select the Key Vault you want to create a Private Endpoint for.
In the Key Vault settings, go to 'Private endpoint connections' and click on 'Add'.
Choose the subscription, resource group, and private DNS zone for the Private Endpoint.
Review and create the Private Endpoi...
AKS allows for network configuration during creation and provides options for managing it.
During creation of AKS, network configuration options include specifying virtual network, subnet, and network policies.
Network configuration can be managed through Azure portal, Azure CLI, or ARM templates.
AKS supports network policies like Azure CNI, Kubenet, and Calico for network security and isolation.
Network configuration can...
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
Questions on Python: 5 different simple python coding questions
React hooks allow functional components to manage state and side effects, enhancing code reusability and readability.
useState: Manages state in functional components. Example: const [count, setCount] = useState(0);
useEffect: Handles side effects like data fetching. Example: useEffect(() => { fetchData(); }, []);
Custom Hooks: Create reusable logic. Example: function useFetch(url) { /* logic */ }
useContext: Access con...
I appeared for an interview in Jan 2025.
Stream based problems involve processing data in a continuous flow rather than all at once.
Use stream processing libraries like Apache Kafka or Apache Flink
Consider factors like data volume, velocity, and variety
Implement backpressure mechanisms to handle high data loads
I applied via LinkedIn and was interviewed in Dec 2024. There were 2 interview rounds.
Optional in Swift allows variables to have no value. Optional binding and chaining are used to safely unwrap optionals.
Optional in Swift allows variables to have no value, denoted by a '?' after the type.
Optional binding is used to safely unwrap optionals by checking if they contain a value.
Optional chaining allows you to call methods, access properties, and subscript on an optional that might currently be nil.
Example:...
ARC stands for Automatic Reference Counting, a memory management system used in iOS to automatically manage memory allocation and deallocation.
ARC automatically tracks and manages the memory used by objects in an iOS application.
It keeps track of the number of references to an object and deallocates the object when there are no more references to it.
ARC is enabled by default in Xcode for iOS projects, reducing the need...
Closures are self-contained blocks of functionality that can be passed around and used in code.
Closures capture and store references to any constants and variables from the context in which they are defined.
To prevent strong reference cycles, use capture lists in closures.
Use weak or unowned references when capturing self inside a closure to avoid memory leaks.
Middleware is software that acts as a bridge between an operating system or database and applications, allowing them to communicate with each other.
Middleware is a layer of software that sits between the operating system and applications, providing services such as authentication, logging, and caching.
Custom middleware can be created in ASP.NET Core by implementing the IMiddleware interface and adding it to the applica...
Yes, a program can be written to convert 'aabbccaaa' to '2a2b2c3a'.
Create a function that iterates through the input string and counts the consecutive characters.
Store the count and character in a new string as needed.
Return the final output string.
I applied via Approached by Company and was interviewed in Oct 2024. There were 3 interview rounds.
TestNG annotations allow for parallel execution of test methods using attributes like 'parallel' and 'thread-count'.
TestNG annotations like @Test, @BeforeTest, @AfterTest can be used with attributes like 'parallel' to specify parallel execution of test methods.
The 'parallel' attribute can have values like 'methods', 'tests', 'classes', 'instances' to define the scope of parallel execution.
The 'thread-count' attribute c...
Effective communication and collaboration are key in resolving conflicts within a testing team.
Identify the root cause of the conflict through open discussions.
Encourage team members to express their viewpoints respectfully.
Facilitate a meeting to brainstorm solutions collaboratively.
Use examples from past conflicts to illustrate successful resolutions.
Document the agreed-upon solutions to prevent future misunderstandi...
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