Cognizant AWS Devops Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

I faced issues with network connectivity, configuration errors, and dependency mismatches while deploying the application.

• Network connectivity issues causing deployment failures

• Configuration errors leading to incorrect application setup

• Dependency mismatches causing compatibility issues

• Resource constraints impacting deployment performance

S3 life cycle rules automate the management of objects in S3 buckets based on predefined criteria.

• Automate the transition of objects to different storage classes based on age or other criteria

• Automatically delete objects after a certain period of time

• Reduce storage costs by moving less frequently accessed data to cheaper storage options

I have used code reviews, automated testing, static code analysis tools, and continuous integration to check the quality of code.

• Code reviews by peers to catch bugs and ensure best practices

• Automated testing using tools like Selenium for functional testing and JUnit for unit testing

• Static code analysis tools like SonarQube to identify code smells and potential bugs

• Continuous integration with tools like Jenkins to autom...read more

CodePipeline is a continuous integration and continuous delivery service for fast and reliable application and infrastructure updates.

• Automates the build, test, and deploy phases of your release process

• Supports integration with various AWS services like CodeBuild, CodeDeploy, and Lambda

• Allows for custom actions and third-party integrations

• Provides visualization of the entire release process with customizable dashboards

Blue green deployment is a deployment strategy where two identical production environments are used to minimize downtime and risk.

• Blue green deployment involves running two identical production environments, one 'blue' and one 'green'.

• Traffic is routed to the 'blue' environment while the 'green' environment is updated and tested.

• Once the 'green' environment is deemed stable, traffic is switched to it and the 'blue' env...read more

DevOps has gained popularity for its ability to enhance collaboration, speed up delivery, and improve software quality through automation.

• Collaboration: DevOps fosters a culture of collaboration between development and operations teams, breaking down silos and improving communication.

• Faster Delivery: By automating processes and using CI/CD pipelines, organizations can release software updates more frequently and reliab...read more

Configuration management is a process for maintaining computer systems, servers, and software in a desired, consistent state.

• Automation: Tools like Ansible, Puppet, and Chef automate the deployment and management of software configurations across multiple servers.

• Version Control: Configuration management allows tracking changes to system configurations, similar to source code version control, ensuring rollback capabili...read more

Configuration management ensures consistency, reliability, and efficiency in DevOps by automating infrastructure and application configurations.

• Consistency: Configuration management tools like Ansible or Puppet ensure that all environments (development, testing, production) are configured identically.

• Automation: Automating the setup and maintenance of servers reduces manual errors and saves time, allowing teams to focu...read more

Continuous Integration (CI) is a software development practice where code changes are automatically tested and merged frequently.

• Automated Testing: CI involves running automated tests on code changes to ensure that new code does not break existing functionality.

• Frequent Commits: Developers commit code changes frequently, often multiple times a day, to a shared repository to minimize integration issues.

• Immediate Feedbac...read more

AWS Lambda is a serverless computing service that runs code in response to events and automatically manages the computing resources required.

• Lambda functions are triggered by events such as changes to data in an S3 bucket, updates to a DynamoDB table, or HTTP requests via API Gateway.

• Lambda functions can be written in languages like Node.js, Python, Java, and more.

• AWS Lambda automatically scales to handle the incoming ...read more

VPC stands for Virtual Private Cloud, a virtual network dedicated to your AWS account.

• VPC allows you to create a logically isolated section of the AWS Cloud where you can launch AWS resources.

• You can define your own IP address range, create subnets, configure route tables, and network gateways within a VPC.

• VPC provides security by allowing you to control inbound and outbound traffic to and from your AWS resources.

• You c...read more

A pod in K8s is the smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, consisting of one or more containers that share resources.

• Pods are used to group containers that need to work together, such as a web server and a database.

• Pods share the same network namespace and can communicate with each other using localhost.

• Pods can be managed, scaled, and monitored as a single unit in Kubernetes.

• Each pod has a unique IP address within th...read more

Terraform state file is a file that stores the state of your infrastructure managed by Terraform.

• It keeps track of the current state of your resources in the cloud.

• Helps Terraform understand what has been created, modified, or deleted.

• It is used to plan and apply changes to your infrastructure.

• State file can be stored locally or remotely in a backend like AWS S3 or Terraform Cloud.

Daily activities of an AWS DevOps Engineer involve automation, monitoring, and collaboration to enhance deployment efficiency.

• Automate deployment processes using AWS services like CodePipeline and CloudFormation.

• Monitor system performance and health using CloudWatch and set up alerts for anomalies.

• Collaborate with development teams to integrate CI/CD practices, ensuring faster and reliable releases.

• Manage infrastructur...read more

git fetch downloads changes from the remote repository, while git pull downloads changes and merges them into the current branch.

• git fetch only downloads changes from the remote repository, but does not merge them into the current branch

• git pull downloads changes from the remote repository and merges them into the current branch

• git fetch is useful for reviewing changes before merging, while git pull is a shortcut for f...read more

The 'add' command is used to add files from the source directory to the destination directory in a Dockerfile, while the 'copy' command is used to copy files from the source directory to the destination directory in a Dockerfile.

• The 'add' command can also accept URLs as the source, while the 'copy' command cannot.

• The 'add' command can automatically extract compressed files, while the 'copy' command cannot.

• The 'copy' co...read more