Cognizant Software Engineer Interview Questions and Answers for Experienced

Static variables retain their value between function calls, while dynamic variables are allocated at runtime and can change during execution.

• Static variables are declared using the 'static' keyword in languages like C and C++.

• Example of static variable: 'static int count = 0;' retains its value across function calls.

• Dynamic variables are created using memory allocation functions like 'malloc' in C or 'new' in C++.

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Entity Framework is an ORM framework for .NET applications.

• It allows developers to work with databases using .NET objects.

• It supports various database providers such as SQL Server, MySQL, Oracle, etc.

• It provides features like LINQ to Entities, automatic change tracking, and database migrations.

• It reduces the amount of boilerplate code needed for database operations.

• Example: DbContext class is used to interact with...read more

Sorted procedure sorts data in place while sorted function returns a new sorted list.

• Sorted procedure modifies the original list while sorted function returns a new sorted list.

• Sorted procedure is faster for large lists as it doesn't create a new list.

• Sorted function is useful when original list needs to be preserved.

• Example of sorted procedure: list.sort()

• Example of sorted function: sorted(list)

IOC is a design pattern where objects define their dependencies. Dependency Injection is a way to implement IOC. @Autowired is a DI annotation in Spring.

• IOC - Inversion of Control is a design pattern where objects define their dependencies instead of creating them.

• Dependency Injection is a way to implement IOC where dependencies are injected into an object at runtime.

• Spring Framework provides @Autowired annotation...read more

Client side scripting runs on the user's browser, while server side scripting runs on the server.

• Client side scripting is executed on the user's browser, allowing for dynamic interactions without reloading the page (e.g. JavaScript).

• Server side scripting is executed on the server, generating dynamic content before sending it to the user's browser (e.g. PHP, Python).