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Programming languages are formal languages comprising instructions that can be used to produce various kinds of output.
Syntax: Each programming language has its own syntax, which is a set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be correctly structured programs. For example, Python uses indentation to define blocks of code.
Semantics: This refers to the meaning of the syntactical ele...
I chose TCS for its innovative projects and growth opportunities, aligning with my passion for technology and problem-solving.
Alignment with Interests: My passion for technology and software solutions drew me to TCS, where I can apply my ECE knowledge in IT.
Diverse Opportunities: TCS offers a wide range of projects across various domains, allowing me to explore different technologies and industries.
Career Growth: ...
A budget is a financial plan, while a forecast predicts future financial outcomes based on historical data and trends.
Purpose: A budget sets financial limits and goals for a specific period, while a forecast estimates future revenues and expenses based on trends.
Timeframe: Budgets are typically created annually, whereas forecasts can be updated quarterly or monthly to reflect changing conditions.
Flexibility: Budge...
Zero-based forecasting is a budgeting method that starts from a 'zero base' and requires justification for all expenses.
Justification of Expenses: Every expense must be justified for each new period, rather than basing it on previous budgets.
Resource Allocation: Helps in allocating resources more efficiently by focusing on current needs rather than historical data.
Example: A company may decide to start from scratc...
What people are saying about TCS
The accrual concept in accounting recognizes revenues and expenses when they are incurred, regardless of cash flow.
Revenue Recognition: Revenue is recorded when earned, not when cash is received. For example, a company recognizes sales when a product is delivered.
Expense Matching: Expenses are recorded when incurred, not when paid. For instance, if a service is received in December but paid in January, the expense...
An MIS report is a structured document that provides essential information for decision-making in an organization.
Data Collection: Gather relevant data from various sources such as databases, spreadsheets, and software applications.
Data Analysis: Analyze the collected data to identify trends, patterns, and insights that can inform business decisions.
Report Formatting: Structure the report with clear headings, tabl...
String manipulation involves altering, formatting, or analyzing strings to achieve desired outcomes in programming.
Concatenation: Combining two or more strings into one. Example: 'Hello' + ' World' results in 'Hello World'.
Substring: Extracting a portion of a string. Example: 'Hello World'.substring(0, 5) returns 'Hello'.
String Length: Finding the number of characters in a string. Example: 'Hello'.length returns 5...
SOLID principles are five design principles aimed at making software designs more understandable, flexible, and maintainable.
Single Responsibility Principle (SRP): A class should have only one reason to change, meaning it should only have one job. For example, a class handling user data should not also handle user authentication.
Open/Closed Principle (OCP): Software entities should be open for extension but closed...
A recursive method in Java can reverse a string by breaking it down into smaller substrings until the base case is reached.
Base Case: The recursion stops when the string is empty or has one character, returning the string itself.
Recursive Case: The method calls itself with the substring excluding the first character, concatenating it with the first character at the end.
Example: For the string 'hello', the method w...
Caching is a technique to store frequently accessed data in a temporary storage area to improve retrieval speed and efficiency.
Types of Caching: There are various types of caching, including memory caching (e.g., Redis), disk caching, and browser caching.
Improved Performance: Caching reduces the time it takes to access data, as it avoids repeated calculations or database queries. For example, a web application can...
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I appeared for an interview in Jan 2025.
Case and decode are conditional expressions in PL/SQL used for data manipulation.
CASE is used for conditional logic in SQL statements, while DECODE is used for conditional logic in SELECT statements.
CASE is more flexible and can handle multiple conditions, while DECODE is limited to one condition.
CASE can be used in both SQL and PL/SQL, while DECODE is specific to SQL.
Example of CASE: SELECT CASE WHEN condition1 THEN r...
Primary key uniquely identifies each record in a table, while foreign key establishes a link between two tables.
Primary key ensures uniqueness and cannot have null values
Foreign key establishes a relationship between tables based on the primary key of another table
Example of primary key: EmployeeID in an Employee table
Example of foreign key: DepartmentID in an Employee table linking to DepartmentID in a Department tabl...
Rank assigns unique ranks to each distinct row, while Dense Rank assigns consecutive ranks without gaps.
Rank may have gaps in the ranking sequence, while Dense Rank does not.
Rank assigns the same rank to rows with the same values, while Dense Rank assigns different ranks.
Rank function is non-consecutive, while Dense Rank function is consecutive.
Procedures are used to perform an action, while functions return a value.
Procedures do not return a value, while functions do.
Functions can be called from SQL queries, while procedures cannot.
Functions must return a value, while procedures do not necessarily have to.
No, a package body cannot be used without a package specification.
A package body must always be associated with a package specification.
The package specification defines the public interface of the package, while the package body contains the implementation details.
Attempting to use a package body without a corresponding package specification will result in compilation errors.
Use a SQL query with GROUP BY and HAVING clause to find duplicate values in a database.
Use GROUP BY clause to group the values that are duplicated.
Use HAVING clause to filter out the groups that have more than one occurrence.
Example: SELECT column_name, COUNT(*) FROM table_name GROUP BY column_name HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;
Group by and having clause are used together to filter groups based on specified conditions.
Group by clause is used to group rows that have the same values into summary rows.
Having clause is used to filter groups based on specified conditions.
Example: SELECT department, AVG(salary) FROM employees GROUP BY department HAVING AVG(salary) > 5000;
Substr function extracts a substring from a string, while Instr function returns the position of a substring within a string.
Substr function syntax: SUBSTR(string, start_position, length)
Example: SUBSTR('Hello World', 7, 5) will return 'World'
Instr function syntax: INSTR(string, substring)
Example: INSTR('Hello World', 'World') will return 7
Writing a SQL query with a subquery involves nesting one query inside another to retrieve specific data.
Start by writing the main query that will retrieve the primary data
Identify the criteria for the subquery to filter the results
Enclose the subquery within parentheses and use it in the WHERE or FROM clause of the main query
Ensure that the subquery returns a single value or a single column result
Char is fixed length, varchar is variable length with max 4000 bytes, varchar2 is variable length with max 32767 bytes.
Char is fixed length and always right-padded with spaces, while varchar and varchar2 are variable length.
Varchar can store up to 4000 bytes of data, while varchar2 can store up to 32767 bytes.
Char is less efficient in terms of storage compared to varchar and varchar2.
No, it is not possible to combine two tables with differing data and columns without utilizing joins.
Joins are necessary to combine tables based on a common column or key.
Different data and columns require a join to match and merge the data properly.
Examples of joins include INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, and FULL JOIN.
Yes, it is possible to update data in a view using INSTEAD OF triggers.
Views are virtual tables that display data from one or more tables.
By using INSTEAD OF triggers, you can update data in a view by specifying the logic to handle the update operation.
The trigger intercepts the update operation on the view and executes the specified logic to update the underlying tables.
For example, you can create an INSTEAD OF trigge...
TCS is a global IT services company known for its innovative solutions and commitment to employee growth.
TCS has a strong reputation in the IT industry for delivering high-quality services.
TCS offers opportunities for professional growth and development through training programs and career advancement.
TCS has a diverse and inclusive work culture that values teamwork and collaboration.
A dynamic cursor in database management allows for the execution of different SQL queries at runtime.
Dynamic cursors are used when the SQL query to be executed is not known until runtime.
They allow for flexibility in querying the database based on user input or other conditions.
Dynamic cursors can be used to handle varying result sets or conditions in a more efficient manner.
Example: Using a dynamic cursor to search fo...
Yes, I have performed performance tuning by identifying bottlenecks and optimizing queries.
Identified slow queries using tools like SQL Trace, Explain Plan, and AWR reports.
Optimized queries by adding indexes, rewriting SQL statements, and reducing unnecessary data retrieval.
Tuned PL/SQL code by using bulk processing, minimizing context switches, and optimizing loops.
Utilized database features like partitioning and mat...
A package in PL/SQL is a collection of related procedures, functions, variables, and other constructs.
A package consists of two parts: package specification and package body.
The package specification defines the public interface of the package, including declarations of variables, constants, cursors, procedures, and functions.
The package body contains the actual implementation of the procedures and functions declared i...
I am excited about the opportunity to work with a global leader like TCS and contribute to innovative projects.
TCS is a renowned global company with a strong reputation in the IT industry
I am impressed by TCS's commitment to innovation and cutting-edge technology
I believe TCS offers great opportunities for professional growth and development
I am excited about the chance to work on diverse and challenging projects at TC...
I prefer to discuss my salary expectations based on the responsibilities and requirements of the position.
Focus on discussing salary expectations based on the job responsibilities and requirements.
Avoid disclosing specific current salary package.
Emphasize the importance of fair compensation based on market rates and skills.
Provide examples of successful projects or achievements that demonstrate your value.
Discuss oppor...
I am looking for a competitive salary package based on my experience and skills.
I am open to discussing salary based on the responsibilities and requirements of the role.
I have researched the average salary range for Plsql Developers in this location.
I am looking for a package that includes benefits such as healthcare, retirement plans, and professional development opportunities.
Yes, I am comfortable with shift work and have experience working various shifts.
I have previous experience working different shifts in my current/previous roles.
I am flexible with my schedule and can easily adapt to changing shift patterns.
I understand the importance of shift work in ensuring 24/7 coverage for critical systems.
Yes, I am open to any location for the Plsql Developer position.
I am willing to relocate for the right opportunity
I am open to working in different cities or countries
I am flexible with travel requirements for the job
posted on 6 Mar 2025
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I appeared for an interview in May 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I appeared for an interview in Apr 2025, where I was asked the following questions.
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
I follow a structured process to ensure requirements are effectively translated into actionable tasks for the team.
1. Requirement Analysis: Review and clarify requirements with the Product Owner to ensure understanding.
2. Backlog Refinement: Prioritize and break down requirements into user stories and tasks in the product backlog.
3. Sprint Planning: Collaborate with the team to estimate tasks and plan the sprint based ...
Maintaining quality in Sprint demos involves preparation, stakeholder engagement, and continuous feedback.
Conduct thorough sprint reviews to ensure all features are demoed effectively.
Engage stakeholders early to gather feedback and adjust the demo accordingly.
Use real user scenarios during the demo to showcase functionality.
Prepare a clear agenda and objectives for the demo to keep it focused.
Incorporate feedback from...
A Scrum Master's day involves facilitating meetings, coaching teams, and removing obstacles to ensure smooth project delivery.
Start the day with a Daily Stand-up meeting to discuss progress and blockers.
Facilitate Sprint Planning sessions to define the scope of work for the upcoming sprint.
Conduct Sprint Reviews to showcase completed work and gather feedback from stakeholders.
Hold Retrospectives to reflect on the team'...
During PI planning, I facilitate collaboration, align teams, and prioritize work for the upcoming increment.
Preparation: Gather input from stakeholders and teams to define objectives and features.
Team Breakouts: Facilitate sessions where teams estimate and plan their work for the increment.
Dependency Management: Identify and address dependencies between teams to ensure smooth execution.
Review and Adjust: Present plans ...
Faced a conflict over resource allocation in a project, resolved through open communication and collaborative planning.
Identified the conflict during a sprint planning meeting when team members expressed concerns over resource availability.
Facilitated a discussion with stakeholders to understand their priorities and constraints.
Proposed a reallocation of tasks based on team members' strengths and current workloads, ens...
I appeared for an interview in Dec 2024.
API Gateway implementation is a centralized service that routes, manages, and secures API calls.
API Gateway acts as a single entry point for all API calls
It can handle authentication, rate limiting, caching, and request/response transformations
Examples include AWS API Gateway, Apigee, Kong
Circuit breaker is a design pattern used to prevent system overload by temporarily stopping requests to a failing service.
Circuit breaker monitors requests to a service and opens when the service fails repeatedly.
It helps prevent cascading failures and allows the system to gracefully degrade.
Once the circuit breaker is open, it can periodically check if the service has recovered before allowing requests again.
Deadlock is a situation in which two or more processes are unable to proceed because each is waiting for the other to release a resource.
Avoid circular wait by ensuring processes request resources in the same order.
Prevent hold and wait by requiring processes to request all needed resources at once.
Implement a timeout mechanism to break potential deadlocks.
Use resource allocation graphs to detect and prevent deadlocks.
...
Runnable is a functional interface with a single run() method, while Callable is a functional interface with a single call() method.
Runnable is used for tasks that do not return a result, while Callable is used for tasks that return a result.
Callable can throw checked exceptions, while Runnable cannot.
Callable returns a Future object, which can be used to retrieve the result of the computation.
Example: Runnable - execu...
Profiles in Java are configurations that define the capabilities of a Java platform.
Profiles allow developers to target specific types of devices or applications.
They help in reducing the size of the Java runtime environment by including only the necessary APIs.
Examples include Java SE Embedded Profile for embedded devices and Java SE Compact Profile for resource-constrained environments.
OpenFeign is a declarative web service client used to simplify the process of making HTTP requests in microservices architecture.
OpenFeign allows developers to define RESTful web services as interfaces and automatically generate the necessary implementation code.
It integrates seamlessly with Spring Cloud and other microservices frameworks to facilitate communication between services.
OpenFeign supports features like loa...
Service registry and discovery involves registering services and allowing clients to discover and connect to them.
Implement a service registry where services can register themselves with metadata
Use a service discovery mechanism for clients to find and connect to services
Implement health checks to ensure services are available and healthy
Use a load balancer to distribute traffic among multiple instances of a service
Spring Boot Actuators are built-in tools that provide insight into the running application.
Actuators expose various endpoints to monitor and manage the application.
They can be used to check health, metrics, environment details, and more.
Examples include /actuator/health, /actuator/metrics, and /actuator/env.
Synchronous communication is blocking, while asynchronous communication is non-blocking.
Synchronous communication waits for a response before continuing, while asynchronous communication does not wait.
Examples of synchronous communication include traditional function calls, while examples of asynchronous communication include callbacks and promises.
Synchronous communication can lead to performance issues if there are d...
Excessive use of synchronized blocks and methods in Java can lead to performance issues and potential deadlocks.
Decreased performance due to increased contention for locks
Potential deadlocks if multiple threads are waiting for each other to release locks
Increased complexity and difficulty in debugging and maintaining code
Use synchronized sparingly and consider alternatives like ConcurrentHashMap or Lock interface
The number of threads needed for an application can be determined based on factors like the type of tasks, hardware resources, and performance requirements.
Consider the type of tasks your application needs to perform - CPU-bound tasks may benefit from more threads, while I/O-bound tasks may not.
Take into account the hardware resources available - more threads may be beneficial on a multi-core processor compared to a si...
I appeared for an interview in Feb 2025.
Angular is a powerful framework for building dynamic single-page applications (SPAs) using TypeScript.
Angular provides a structured approach to building web applications, making it easier to manage complex UIs.
It uses components to encapsulate functionality, promoting reusability and maintainability.
Angular's two-way data binding ensures that changes in the UI reflect in the model and vice versa, enhancing user experie...
As a Senior Software Engineer, my day involves coding, collaboration, and continuous learning to deliver high-quality software.
Daily stand-up meetings to discuss progress and blockers.
Code reviews to ensure quality and share knowledge with the team.
Collaborating with product managers to refine requirements and prioritize tasks.
Writing and maintaining unit tests to ensure code reliability.
Participating in sprint plannin...
I could relate to my knowledge.
OOP concepts in Java include classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, encapsulation, and abstraction.
Classes: Blueprint for creating objects.
Objects: Instances of classes that encapsulate data and behavior.
Inheritance: Allows a class to inherit properties and methods from another class.
Polymorphism: Ability to present the same interface for different data types.
Encapsulation: Bundling data and methods that operate ...
I have learned Java programming language extensively, including object-oriented programming concepts, data structures, and algorithms.
Extensive knowledge of Java syntax and features
Understanding of object-oriented programming concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation
Experience with data structures such as arrays, linked lists, stacks, and queues
Knowledge of algorithms like sorting, searching, and graph...
I have extensive knowledge in Java programming language, including core concepts, data structures, multithreading, and design patterns.
Strong understanding of core Java concepts such as OOP, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation
Experience with data structures and algorithms in Java, including arrays, linked lists, trees, and graphs
Proficient in multithreading and concurrency in Java, including synchronization an...
Yes, I am open to relocating for the right opportunity.
I am open to relocating for the right job opportunity
I am willing to move to a new location if required for the role
I am flexible and adaptable to new environments
I would address the issue by communicating with my team, seeking feedback, and finding alternative solutions.
Initiate a meeting with the team to discuss the lack of support and understand their perspectives
Seek feedback on how to improve collaboration and address any concerns
Explore alternative solutions or resources to move the project forward
Maintain open communication and transparency throughout the process
The duration of TCS interview process can vary, but typically it takes about less than 2 weeks to complete.
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