Amazon Production Manager Interview Questions and Answers

Round duration - 75 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

This round was conducted in Hackerrank portal for a total duration of 75 minutes and was divided into 4 sections.

1st Section : Aptitude Section : 14 questions , 28 minutes
2nd Section : Technical Section : 12 questions , 17 minutes
3rd Section :1 coding Questions : 20 minutes+30 minutes

This Round was Conducted on Hackerrank (Webcam Enabled).

Q1. Given a problem statement and a code, how would you find and correct the bugs in the code?
Ans. 
To find and correct bugs in code, analyze problem statement, review code, use debugging tools, run test cases, and make necessary changes.
• Understand the problem statement and expected output

• Review the code for syntax errors, logical errors, and potential bugs

• Use debugging tools like breakpoints, print statements, and IDE features

• Run test cases to identify the bugs and verify the corrections

• Make necessary changes to the...read more
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Q2. 
Count Nodes within K-Distance Problem Statement
Given a connected, undirected, and acyclic graph where some nodes are marked and a positive integer 'K'. Your task is to return the count of nodes such that...read more
Ans. 
Count the number of nodes within K-distance from marked nodes in a connected, undirected, acyclic graph.
• Create a graph using the given vertices and edges.

• Perform a BFS traversal starting from each marked node to find nodes within K-distance.

• Count the nodes within K-distance from all marked nodes and return the total count.
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Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

I was shared a link of Google Meet and the Google Docs was shared where there was 1 coding problem to be coded there and then the code was run on an IDE to check the sample tests.
Then the interview was followed by a lot of Operating System and Computer System Architecture Questions.
There were 2 Interviewers and both were helpful.
The timing was from 2:30 PM to 4:00 PM

Q1. 
Problem Statement: Largest Subarray with Equal Number of 0s and 1s
Given an array containing only 0s and 1s, determine the length of the longest contiguous subarray that has an equal number of 0s and 1s.
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Ans. 
Find the length of the longest subarray with equal number of 0s and 1s in a given array of 0s and 1s.
• Iterate through the array and maintain a running count of the difference between the number of 0s and 1s encountered so far.

• Store the count values in a hashmap with the index as the key.

• If the same count is encountered again, calculate the length of the subarray between the two occurrences.

• Return the maximum length foun...read more
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Q2. Can you explain how the file system is stored on a disk and how it works?
Ans. 
File system is stored on disk using data blocks and metadata, organized in a hierarchical structure.
• File system is stored on disk using data blocks and metadata

• Data blocks contain actual file data, while metadata stores information about files and directories

• File system is organized in a hierarchical structure with directories containing files and subdirectories

• File system uses a file allocation table (FAT) or an index...read more
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Q3. Can you distinguish between RISC and CISC architectures?
Ans. 
RISC focuses on simplicity and efficiency, while CISC emphasizes complex instructions and flexibility.
• RISC uses a small set of simple instructions, while CISC uses a large set of complex instructions.

• RISC architectures have a uniform instruction format, while CISC architectures have variable-length instructions.

• RISC architectures rely on optimizing compilers for performance, while CISC architectures have hardware optim...read more
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Round duration - 45 minutes
Round difficulty - Easy

The round was held on Google Meet with HR from 2:30 PM to 3:15 PM.
The HR was friendly and asked the basic questions.

Round duration - 90 minutes
Round difficulty - Hard

This was an online coding round where we were supposed to solve 2 questions under 90 minutes . Both the questions in my set were related to Graphs and were quite tricky and heavy to implement.

Q1. 
Path Counting in Directed Graph
Given a directed graph with a specified number of vertices V and edges E, your task is to calculate the total number of distinct paths from a given source node S to all ot...read more
Ans. 
Calculate the total number of distinct paths from a given source node to all other nodes in a directed graph.
• Use dynamic programming to keep track of the number of paths from the source node to each node in the graph.

• Consider using modular arithmetic to handle large numbers and prevent overflow.

• Start by initializing the number of paths from the source node to itself as 1.

• Iterate through the edges of the graph and updat...read more
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Q2. 
Course Schedule II Problem Statement
You are provided with a number of courses 'N', some of which have prerequisites. There is a matrix named 'PREREQUISITES' of size 'M' x 2. This matrix indicates that fo...read more
Ans. 
Given courses with prerequisites, determine a valid order to complete all courses.
• Use topological sorting to find a valid order of courses.

• Create a graph with courses as nodes and prerequisites as edges.

• Start with courses that have no prerequisites and remove them from the graph.

• Continue this process until all courses are taken or there are no valid courses left.

• If there is a cycle in the graph, it is impossible to com...read more
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Round duration - 60 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was a Data Structures and Algorithms round with some standard questions . I was expected to come up with an
efficient approach and code it as well .

Q1. 
Merge Intervals Problem Statement
You are provided with 'N' intervals, each containing two integers denoting the start time and end time of the interval.
Your task is to merge all overlapping intervals a...read more
Ans. 
Merge overlapping intervals and return sorted list of merged intervals.
• Sort the intervals based on start times.

• Iterate through intervals and merge overlapping intervals.

• Return the merged intervals in sorted order.
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Q2. 
Longest Route Problem Statement
Given a 2-dimensional binary matrix called Mat of size N x M that consists solely of 0s and 1s, find the length of the longest path from a specified source cell to a destina...read more
Ans. 
Find the length of the longest path from a source cell to a destination cell in a binary matrix.
• Use depth-first search (DFS) to explore all possible paths from source to destination.

• Keep track of visited cells to avoid revisiting them.

• Return the length of the longest path found, or -1 if no path exists.
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Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was also a DSA round where I was asked to code only one of the questions but I eventually ended up coding both
as I had some spare time and explained my approches very smoothly to the interviewer . This round went preety well .

Q1. 
Longest Increasing Subsequence Problem Statement
Given an array of integers with 'N' elements, determine the length of the longest subsequence where each element is greater than the previous element. This...read more
Ans. 
Find the length of the longest strictly increasing subsequence in an array of integers.
• Use dynamic programming to solve this problem efficiently.

• Initialize an array to store the length of the longest increasing subsequence ending at each index.

• Iterate through the array and update the length of the longest increasing subsequence for each element.

• Return the maximum value in the array as the result.
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Q2. 
Search In Rotated Sorted Array Problem Statement
Given a rotated sorted array ARR of size 'N' and an integer 'K', determine the index at which 'K' is present in the array.
Note:
1. If 'K' is not present...read more
Ans. 
Given a rotated sorted array, find the index of a given integer 'K'.
• Use binary search to find the pivot point where the array is rotated.

• Then perform binary search on the appropriate half of the array to find 'K'.

• Handle cases where 'K' is not present in the array by returning -1.
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Round duration - 50 Minutes
Round difficulty - Medium

This was also a DSA round with 2 questions of Medium to Hard difficulty . I was expected to follow some clean code and OOPS principles to write the code in this round .

Q1. 
Rank from Stream Problem Statement
Given an array of integers ARR and an integer K, determine the rank of the element ARR[K].
Explanation:
The rank of any element in ARR is defined as the number of elem...read more
Ans. 
Given an array and an index, find the number of elements smaller than the element at that index appearing before it in the array.
• Iterate through the array up to index K and count the number of elements smaller than ARR[K].

• Return the count as the rank of ARR[K].

• Handle edge cases like empty array or invalid index K.
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Q2. 
LRU Cache Design Question
Design a data structure for a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache that supports the following operations:
1. get(key) - Return the value of the key if it exists in the cache; otherw...read more
Ans. 
Design a Least Recently Used (LRU) cache data structure that supports get and put operations with capacity constraint.
• Implement a doubly linked list to maintain the order of recently used keys.

• Use a hashmap to store key-value pairs for quick access.

• Update the order of keys in the linked list on get and put operations.

• Evict the least recently used key when the cache reaches its capacity.
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